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一个国家的进口和出口贸易总额在本国国内生产总值(GDP)中所占的比重被称为该国的外贸依存度。外贸依存度反映了一个国家经济对外贸的依赖程度和参与国际分工的程度,折射出其经济发展战略的许多构成要素,并对其国际关系产生重要的影响。统计表明,从1980年到2001年,美国、日本、印度、德国的外贸依存度大体稳定在14%～20%的范围内。同一时期,中国外贸总额却连创新高,外贸依存度从15%一路蹿升,2003年更高达60.2%,远远高于上述发达大国和发展中大国的水平。
The proportion of a country’s total import and export trade in its own GDP is called its foreign trade dependency. The degree of dependence on foreign trade reflects the dependence of a country’s economy on foreign trade and the extent of its participation in the international division of labor, reflects many of its constituent elements in its economic development strategy, and has an important impact on its international relations. Statistics show that from 1980 to 2001, the dependence on the foreign trade of the United States, Japan, India, and Germany was generally stable within the range of 14% to 20%. In the same period, China’s total foreign trade volume hit new highs, and the dependence on foreign trade soared from 15% all the way up to 60.2% in 2003, far above the levels of the above-mentioned developed and developing countries.