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已经证明用每日或每周二次异烟肼(JNH)和利福平(RFP)短程化疗治疗肺结核是非常成功的,但到目前为止,关于短程化疗治疗肺外结核的报告寥寥无几。作者介绍以INH和RFP每周2次疗法为主治疗肺外结核的经验。病人由Arkansas结核病规划的75个卫生部门胸腔疾病诊疗所中的45位医生进行治疗。从1976年1月到1981年4月,有199例肺外结核病人用不足12个月的RFP-INH短程化疗治疗,140例用12个月以上的常规疗法。结果如表1、2、3。用常规疗法的140例中,大部分是用SM、INH及EMB,但有少数病人使用PZA、RFP或PAS,其疗程为14～24个月。副作用:每日给药期出现的主要副作用是由RFP引起黄疸2例,INH引起肝炎1例,其余10例副作用较轻:其中4例为胃肠道不适,6例为轻度过敏如皮疹及发热。每周2次给药期仅11例出现副作用,主要的副作用为1例由RFP引起“流感综合征”而迫使更改治疗方案,其余10例副作用较轻:其中3例为胃肠道不适,4例轻度过敏,3例不适伴头晕(1例由RFP引起,2例由INH引起)。用常规疗法的140例中有10例(7%)出现副作用,其中因SM引起眩晕
Treatment of tuberculosis with daily or weekly isoniazid (JNH) and rifampicin (RFP) short-course chemotherapy has been shown to be very successful, but so far only few reports have been given on the treatment of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis by short-range chemotherapy. The authors describe the experience of treating pulmonary tuberculosis primarily with INH and RFP twice a week. Patients were treated by 45 physicians in 75 health department thoracic disease clinics planned by the Arkansas Tuberculosis Initiative. From January 1976 to April 1981, 199 patients with extra-pulmonary tuberculosis were treated with RFP-INH for less than 12 months and 140 patients for more than 12 months. The results are shown in Tables 1, 2 and 3. Of the 140 cases treated with conventional therapy, most were SM, INH and EMB, but a minority of patients treated with PZA, RFP or PAS had a course of 14 to 24 months. Side effects: The main side effects of the daily dosing period were jaundice caused by RFP in 2 cases, INH in 1 case of hepatitis, and the remaining 10 cases were less side effects: 4 were gastrointestinal upset, 6 were mild allergies such as rash and fever. There were only 11 cases of side effects twice a week, the main side effect was 1 case of “flu syndrome” caused by RFP, which forced the change of treatment regimen and the remaining 10 cases had less side effects: 3 cases of gastrointestinal discomfort, 4 Cases with mild allergies, 3 cases with dizziness (1 case caused by RFP and 2 cases caused by INH). Side effects occurred in 10 (7%) of 140 patients treated with conventional therapy, with dizziness caused by SM