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本研究通过形态学、细胞学、分子标记和GISH检测对小麦-黑麦代换系5R/5A×6R/6A杂种后代的6个品系进行鉴定,为选育带有R组染色体片段的易位系,给小麦育种提供基础材料。结果表明,6个品系染色体数目均为2n=42,花粉母细胞减数分裂中期Ⅰ染色体构型正常;黑麦特异引物pSC119.1检测,确定6个品系均含有黑麦染色质成分,5对SSR特异引物SCM138、SCM120、SCM268、CGG18和SCM180在10-1、10-2、10-3、10-4、10-5和10-6 6个品系中分别扩增出5R或6R不同大小的特异片段;GISH结果显示,染色体端部均出现黑麦的黄色或黄绿色信号。以上结果证实6份材料均为小麦-黑麦易位系,形态检测表现有黑麦的某些优良性状,如大穗、多小穗、抗旱、抗叶锈病,白粉病等,可作为小麦育种的基础材料,对小麦遗传改良和抗性研究具有重要的利用价值。
In this study, six lines of 5R / 5A × 6R / 6A hybrid progeny of wheat-rye substitution line were identified by morphological, cytological, molecular markers and GISH. Department, to provide basic materials for wheat breeding. The results showed that the chromosome numbers of 6 lines were 2n = 42, the chromosome I of meiosis metaphase Ⅰ of pollen mother cells was normal, and the rye specific primer pSC119.1 was detected. All the 6 lines contained rye chromatin components and 5 pairs SSR specific primers SCM138, SCM120, SCM268, CGG18 and SCM180 amplified 5R or 6R in 10 lines of 10-1, 10-2, 10-3, 10-4, 10-5 and 10-6 respectively GISH results showed that yellow or yellow-green signals of rye appeared on the chromosome ends. The above results confirmed that all of the six materials were wheat-rye translocation lines. Some morphological traits showed some excellent characters of rye, such as big spike, spikelet, drought resistance, leaf rust resistance, powdery mildew and so on, which could be used as wheat breeding The basic materials for wheat genetic improvement and resistance has important value.