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目的了解东莞市新生儿破伤风(NT)的流行病学特征及其影响因素,为制定和预防控制策略提供依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法。结果2004～2008年全市共报告新生儿破伤风病例231例,年均发病率为0.356‰,年均病死率为8.23%;病例全部为外地流动人口,发病无明显季节性,男女性别比2.27∶1;母亲未接种过破伤风类毒素,未接受产前检查、在家分娩以及未经培训的接生员接生为发病的主要危险因素。结论外来流动人口是东莞市NT防控的重点,加强流动孕产妇的宣传教育,提高住院分娩率,普及新法接生和开展有效的监测是东莞市消除NT的主要措施。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of neonatal tetanus (NT) in Dongguan and its influencing factors, and to provide basis for the formulation and prevention of control strategies. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used. Results A total of 231 cases of neonatal tetanus were reported in the city from 2004 to 2008, with an average annual incidence rate of 0.356 ‰ and an annual average mortality rate of 8.23%. All the cases were migrant population without significant seasonal onset with a sex ratio of 2.27: 1; the main risk factors for morbidity were mothers not receiving tetanus toxoid, not receiving antenatal care, giving birth at home and receiving a birth without a training. Conclusion The floating population is the focal point of prevention and control of Dongguan NT. To strengthen the propaganda and education of mobile pregnant women, improve the rate of hospital delivery, popularize the new method and carry out effective monitoring are the main measures to eliminate NT in Dongguan.