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浩瀚无垠的大海,不仅是地球生命的摇篮,而且是人类赖以生存的第二空间。这一古老而神秘之地,蕴藏有十分丰富的矿物资源、生物资源和药物资源,其经济价值相当可观;开发前景十分诱人。特别是随着世界人口的急剧增长,全球工业的迅猛发展,陆地资源的日益枯竭,大力开发这一资源宝库,让蓝色的海洋造福于人类,已成为世界各国尤其是临海国家共同关注的重要目标和增强国力的战略选择。人类开发海洋迄今已有几千年的历史,但早期的海洋开发仅限于“兴海盐之利,行舟楫之便”。自20世纪60年代开始,海洋开发便进入一个新的发展时期,这一时期不仅开发速度加快,而且开发的广席和深度都有了前所未有的发展;80年代,海洋开发进入新技术革命阶段;90年代,全面开发利用和管理海洋的新时期拉开了帷幕,使海洋产业一跃成为世界经济新的增长点,海洋经济一跃成为世界经济的一大支柱。据统计,70年代以
The vast sea is not only the cradle of earth’s life, but also the second place on which mankind depends. This ancient and mysterious land contains a very rich mineral, biological and medicinal resources, its economic value is considerable; development prospects are very attractive. In particular, with the rapid growth of the world’s population, the rapid development of global industry, the depletion of terrestrial resources and the tremendous efforts to develop this treasure trove of resources to benefit the blue ocean for human beings, it has become a common concern of all countries in the world, especially the coastal countries Goals and strategic choices for strengthening national power. The ocean has been developed by mankind for thousands of years so far, but the early exploitation of the oceans was confined to the “benefit of sea salt and the promotion of the sea.” Since the 1960s, marine development has entered a new period of development. In this period, not only the development speed is accelerating, but also the development of both breadth and depth has been on an unprecedented scale. In the 1980s, marine development entered a stage of new technological revolution. In the 1990s, a new era of full exploitation, utilization and management of the oceans was kicked off so that the marine industry became a new growth point of the world economy and the marine economy became a pillar of the world economy. According to statistics, 70 years