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人口膨胀、资源枯竭、环境恶化、社会动荡,当代一系列重大而紧迫的社会环境问题,使人类生存发展受到威胁,人类被迫重新审视自己追求和曾经标榜的社会经济行为和生产生活方式,开始致力到探求经济社会发展与资源环境相协调的可持续发展之路。20世纪50至70年代,随着地球科学与生物科学领域众多大型国际合作研究计划的制定与实施,导致人类的地球观发生变化。80年代中期,提出并逐渐形成了地球系统科学(ESS)思想。在其指导下,80年代末至90年代初期,组织并实施国际地圈一生物圈计划(IGBP),在世界范围内全面推动全球变化研究,使之成为当代最活跃的研究领域。随研究范围的日益扩大,研究内容的迅速增加,研究水平的不断提高,获得了越来越多的阶段性与地区性成果,推动人们的认识程度不
Population expansion, depletion of resources, environmental degradation and social unrest, a series of major and urgent social and environmental issues in the present age have threatened the existence and development of mankind. Mankind has been forced to reexamine its own pursuit and once advertised social and economic behaviors and production and lifestyles, Devoted itself to exploring the road of sustainable development that is in harmony with the economic and social development and resources and environment. From the 1950s to the 1970s, with the formulation and implementation of many large-scale international cooperative research programs in the fields of geosciences and biological sciences, the human outlook on earth has been changed. In the mid-1980s, the idea of Earth System Science (ESS) was proposed and gradually formed. Under its direction, the International Geosphere-Biosphere Program (IGBP) was organized and implemented in the late 1980s and early 1990s to promote the study of global change in an all-round way worldwide, making it the most active research field in the world. With the increasing scope of the research, the rapid increase of research content, the continuous improvement of the research level, more and more phased and regional achievements have been obtained to promote people’s awareness