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针对20世纪文论对文本解读的低效、无效,孙绍振撰文呼吁文学研究回到文学文本,并认为文论危机就方法论而言主要在于学术规范的普遍性与文学特殊性之间的矛盾,以及演绎法牺牲特殊性概括普遍性的问题。本文赞同孙文回归文学文本的呼吁,但认为没有必要否定学术规范普遍性及演绎法本身。孙文的否定,说明学界存在对学术规范普遍性及演绎法认识的盲点。为此本文简单追溯文学研究的归纳法与演绎法,并在此基础上提出符号—结构推演性方法。
In response to the ineffectiveness and ineffectiveness of 20th century literary theory in interpreting texts, Sun Shao-zang wrote an appeal for literary studies to return to literary texts. He argued that the crisis of literary criticism mainly lies in the contradiction between the universality of academic norms and the particularity of literature. Deduction sacrifices the particularity of generalization of the problem. This article agrees with Sun’s call to return to literary texts, but does not consider it necessary to deny the universality of academic norms and the deductive law itself. The negation of Sun Wen shows that there is a blind spot in the academic community about the universality of academic norms and the deduction laws. For this reason, this article simply traces the induction and deduction of literary studies, and based on this, puts forward the symbol-structure deductive method.