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[目的]为培育适合全自动机械移栽的毯状油菜苗,以HY4为材料,探讨烯效唑浸种和不同基质配比对油菜种子萌发及育苗质量的影响。[方法]以7个不同浓度(0、5、10、20、30、40和50 mg/L)的烯效唑溶液分别浸种0、1、2、4和8 h,自然晾干。经培养皿室内试验筛选,得到适宜的烯效唑浸种浓度和时间。以5个浓度(0、5、10、15、20 mg/L)分别浸种0、1和2 h进行室外盆钵试验,同时进行毯状菜苗的育苗基质配比筛选,在油菜适宜播期进行水稻秧盘育苗验证试验。[结果]培养皿试验结果表明,烯效唑浸种可延缓种子萌发,降低种子发芽率,抑制胚轴伸长,并促进根系生长。当浸种浓度大于30 mg/L或浸种时间超过2h,则对种子萌发影响较大且抑制根系生长。室外盆钵试验结果表明,4个烯效唑浸种浓度和时间能够有效降低苗高、延缓地上部生长、促进地下部生长,有利于培育高密度毯状机械移栽苗。育苗基质配比试验中,土壤配比量越少,越有利于幼苗生长,发芽率、株高、根系活力和干物质重增加,差异达到显著水平(P<0.05)。油菜适宜播期水稻秧盘育苗试验结果与盆钵试验一致。烯效唑浸种浓度≤10 mg/L、浸种时间<1 h时,对幼苗生长调控能力较弱,幼苗偏高。基质中土壤配比量<50%时,肥力充足,相对弱化了烯效唑对幼苗生长的调控,幼苗较大。[结论]用15~20 mg/L烯效唑浸种1~2 h,育苗基质中土壤配比量为50%,可培育苗高≤18 cm、保有叶片5~6张、苗龄30~40 d的毯状机械移栽苗,实现工厂化生产。
[Objective] The study aimed to develop blanket rape seedlings suitable for fully automatic mechanical transplanting, and to investigate the effects of soaking seeds with different dosage of HY4 on seed germination and seedling quality of rapeseed (HY4). [Method] Seven uniconazole solutions with different concentrations (0, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 mg / L) were soaked for 0, 1, 2, 4 and 8 h, respectively, After Petri dishes indoor screening test, get the appropriate soaking concentration and time of uniconazole. After soaking for 0, 1 and 2 h at 5 concentrations (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 mg / L) respectively, the pot experiment was carried out in the outer pot. At the same time, Rice Seedling Nursery Verification Test. [Result] The petri dish test results showed that soaking seed with uniconazole could delay seed germination, reduce seed germination rate, inhibit hypocotyl elongation and promote root growth. When the seed soaking concentration is more than 30 mg / L or soaking time is more than 2h, the seed germination is greatly affected and root growth is inhibited. The results of pot experiment in outdoor showed that the soaking concentration and time of 4 uniconazole could effectively reduce the seedling height, retard the growth of aboveground part and promote the growth of underground part, which is good for cultivating high density carpet transplanting seedlings. In the seedling proportioning experiment, the smaller the soil proportion was, the more beneficial to seedling growth, germination rate, plant height, root activity and dry matter weight, the difference reached significant level (P <0.05). Suitable rape sowing seeding rice seedling tray test results and the same basin test. When the soaking concentration of uniconazole is less than 10 mg / L and the soaking time is less than 1 h, the seedling growth control ability is weak and the seedling is too high. When the amount of soil matrix in the matrix was less than 50%, the fertility was sufficient, which could weaken the regulation of the seedling growth of uniconazole, and the seedling was larger. [Conclusion] The soaking seedling with 15-20 mg / L uniconazole for 1 ~ 2 h had 50% of soil content in nursery substrate, nursery height ≤ 18 cm, 5-6 leaves and 30-40 d blanket mechanical transplanting seedlings, to achieve factory production.