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杜甫的诗句“感时花溅泪,恨别鸟惊心”,中学生人人皆知。一切景语皆情语。花亦“溅泪”,鸟也“惊心”。诗人的心情全包含在这“花”“鸟”之中,忧国伤时之愤,离别思家之情油然而生。这是景物异化为人的一个典型例子。所谓“异化”,就是用拟人、夸张、虚幻、象征等手法来描写景物:景物有时人化,有时大小、颜色、明暗、气味等特征带上了人的主观色彩而变异,有时化虚为实,有时化实为虚,从而凸现出抒情主人公心情或哲理的一种特殊方法。古今中外,异化的景物描写给
Du Fu’s verses “Whenever a flower bursts in tears, I hate to be frightened by birds,” everyone in middle school knows. All scenes are love. The flowers also “splash” and the birds are “shocking.” The poet’s mood is contained in this “flower” and “bird”. When he is worried about the national anger, he feels like leaving home. This is a typical example of human alienation. The so-called “alienation” is the use of anthropomorphic, exaggerated, illusory, symbolic and other means to describe the scene: the scene is sometimes humanized, sometimes the size, color, light and shade, odor and other characteristics bring people’s subjective color and variation, and sometimes it’s true. Sometimes it is a virtual reality, which highlights a special way of feeling or philosophizing the lyrical protagonist. In ancient and modern times, alienated scenery is described to