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为了消除富马酸二甲酯(DMF)的升华性及过敏性并保留其良好的抗菌特性,合成了新型防腐剂α-溴代富马酸二甲酯(α-BrDMF),研究了α-BrDMF对不同种类微生物的抗菌性能,并与山梨酸及DMF进行了对比。α-BrDMF的合成分为两步:以冰乙酸为溶剂,DMF与溴发生亲电加成反应生成富马酸二甲酯二溴化物(d-BrDMF);d-BrDMF与氢氧化钠的乙醇溶液共热,发生消除反应可得α-BrDMF。经IR和MS确证产物结构。抗菌作用实验结果表明:α-BrDMF对细菌、酵母和霉菌的生长具有较强的抑制能力。添加0.1%的α-BrDMF可使大肠杆菌和枯草芽孢杆菌的生长适应期由对照3h延长至40h和44h;添加0.04%的α-BrDMF能使酵母的生长适应期延长至对照(4h)的13倍;霉菌菌落形成数减少,抑菌效果优于山梨酸和DMF;经高温处理其抑菌能力无明显降低。皮肤过敏性测试表明α-BrDMF无明显致敏性。
In order to eliminate the sublimation and allergy of dimethyl fumarate (DMF) and retain its good antibacterial properties, a novel α-Bromofuran maleate (α-BrDMF) BrDMF against different types of microorganisms, and compared with sorbic acid and DMF. The synthesis of α-BrDMF is divided into two steps: with glacial acetic acid as solvent, electrophilic addition reaction between DMF and bromine produces dimethyl fumarate dibromide (d-BrDMF); d-BrDMF and sodium hydroxide in ethanol The solution is heated, the elimination reaction can be obtained α-BrDMF. The product structure was confirmed by IR and MS. Antibacterial effect The experimental results show that: α-BrDMF has a strong inhibitory effect on the growth of bacteria, yeasts and molds. Adding 0.1% α-BrDMF can prolong the growth phase of E. coli and B. subtilis from control 3h to 40h and 44h. Adding 0.04% α-BrDMF can prolong the growth phase of yeast to 13 (4h) Fold; mold colony formation decreased, the antibacterial effect is better than sorbic acid and DMF; antimicrobial capacity after high temperature treatment did not significantly reduce. Skin allergy tests showed that alpha-BrDMF had no significant sensitization.