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人人依懒食品来维持生存,但有时食品也会使人得病。了解有关细菌和其他微生物污染食品的原因,有利于我们减少食物性疾病的危险。许多人都有过食物中毒的体验。一场腹泻,经常伴随有呕吐,患者常常设想患病的原因是由于食用或饮用了某些食品或饮料引起的,这些食品或饮料或许是未处理好,或许是烹调不当或许是变质了。食物中毒(food poisoning)是一个不太恰当的术语,一系列微生物,包括:病毒、细菌、真菌、原生动物,能够引起这种污染,这些生物体通过两种可能的途径引起疾病。他们有可能是这样被真正污染的,微生物获得机会进入人体,并在体内繁殖,或是这样发生的,当微生物在食品上繁殖时产生了一种毒素,它能使得食用者中毒。因此较好的术语应是食物性污染和中毒(food-borne infections and intoxications)。
Everyone depends on lazy food to survive, but sometimes food can make people sick. Understanding the causes of food contamination by bacteria and other microbes helps us reduce the risk of foodborne illness. Many people experience food poisoning. A diarrhea, often accompanied by vomiting, is often caused by patients eating or drinking certain foods or drinks that may not be processed properly, or may have been improperly cooked or may have deteriorated. Food poisoning is a less than appropriate term. A range of microbes, including viruses, bacteria, fungi and protozoa, can cause such pollution. These organisms cause disease through two possible routes. They may actually be so contaminated that microbes gain access to the body and multiply in the body, or something like that that occurs when the microbes multiply on the food and produce a toxin that can poison the user. Better terms therefore should be food-borne infections and intoxications.