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目的了解江苏省金湖地区儿童、成人膳食铅的摄入量,并评价其安全性。方法收集62名研究对象连续3 d的双份饭(duplicate portion)样本,使用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定铅含量。采用联合国粮农组织和世界卫生组织食品添加剂联合专家委员会推荐的暂定每周耐受摄入量(PTWI)评价江苏省金湖地区儿童、成人膳食铅摄入量的安全性。结果共收集符合标准的双份饭样本178份,儿童、成人各89份,铅的检出率均为94.4%,江苏省金湖地区儿童及成人每天膳食铅摄入量的范围分别为0.1~7.4,0.1~7.6μg/(kg.bw);P97.5分别为6.9,5.3μg/(kg.bw);平均膳食铅摄入量分别为(2.2±1.7),(1.5±1.3)μg/(kg.bw);每周膳食铅摄入量的P97.5分别为24.3,23.6μg/(kg.bw),各占PTWI的97.2%,94.4%。儿童每周膳食铅摄入量高于成人,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论江苏省金湖地区儿童、成人膳食铅污染状况较为严重,需采取有效措施降低铅的膳食摄入量以减轻铅暴露引起的不良健康反应。
Objective To understand the dietary intake of lead in children and adults in Jinhu Lake, Jiangsu Province, and evaluate its safety. Methods 62 duplicate samples of the study subjects were collected for 3 days. The contents of lead were determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. To evaluate the safety of dietary intake of lead in children and adults in Jinhu, Jiangsu Province, using the tentative weekly tolerable intake (PTWI) recommended by the Joint FAO / WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives. Results A total of 178 double-serving rice samples were collected and 89 children and adults were collected respectively. The detection rate of lead was 94.4%. The dietary lead intake of children and adults in Jinhu District of Jiangsu Province ranged from 0.1% (2.2 ± 1.7) and (1.5 ± 1.3) μg / (kg · bw), P97.5 was 6.9 and 5.3 μg / (kg · bw) (kg · bw). The weekly intake of dietary lead was 24.3 and 23.6 μg / (kg · bw) respectively, accounting for 97.2% and 94.4% of PTWI. Children’s weekly dietary lead intake was higher than adults, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). Conclusions Dietary lead pollution among children and adults in Jinhu District of Jiangsu Province is more serious. Effective measures should be taken to reduce lead intake and reduce adverse health effects caused by lead exposure.