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目的调查广西壮族自治区腹泻病患者就诊和治疗情况,了解其诊治行为特征和治疗费用负担。方法从腹泻病发病率较高的柳州市和罗城县城乡居民中搜集腹泻患者,调查腹泻病患者诊治行为和治疗费用使用情况,应用SPSS 13.0软件进行统计分析。结果腹泻病患者就诊率为28.28%(125/442);50.91%(225/442)的患者购药在家治疗,20.81%(92/442)的患者未采取任何治疗措施;腹泻患者以就诊村/个体诊所和乡镇/社区医院为主,就诊率冬季高于夏季(P<0.001);<5岁儿童就诊率较高;腹泻病例就诊治疗费平均41元,其中,门诊40元,住院533.5元,村/个体诊所20元,乡镇/社区医院99.5元,县级以上医院100元;在家自治费平均3元;就诊治疗费高于在家自费治疗(P<0.001),住院治疗费高于门诊治疗费(P<0.001);在乡镇/社区与县级以上医院的就诊治疗费高于村/个体诊所(P<0.001)。结论腹泻病以就诊基层医疗机构为主,病后就诊率偏低,而治疗费并不低;应采取措施降低医疗费用,提高居民的就诊意识,并加大基层卫生服务和腹泻病预防控制方面的投入,以有效降低腹泻病的疾病负担。
Objective To investigate the treatment and treatment of diarrhea patients in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and to understand the characteristics of their diagnosis and treatment and the burden of treatment costs. Methods Diarrhea patients were collected from urban and rural residents in Liuzhou and Luocheng counties with high prevalence of diarrheal diseases. The diagnosis and treatment of diarrhea patients and treatment costs were collected and analyzed by SPSS 13.0 software. Results The attendance rate of diarrhea patients was 28.28% (125/442); 50.91% (225/442) patients were treated at home and 20.81% (92/442) patients did not take any treatment; diarrhea patients visited village / Individual clinics and township / community hospitals were the most common, and the visiting rate in winter was higher than that in summer (P <0.001); the visiting rate of children <5 years old was higher; the average cost of visiting diarrhea treatment was 41 yuan, outpatient 40 yuan, hospitalization 533.5 yuan, Village / individual clinics 20 yuan, township / community hospitals 99.5 yuan, 100 yuan above the county level hospitals; home autonomy at an average of 3 yuan; treatment costs higher than at-home treatment (P <0.001), hospitalization costs higher than out-patient treatment costs (P <0.001). The treatment costs in hospitals above the township / community level and above county level were higher than those in village / individual clinics (P <0.001). Conclusions Diarrheal diseases are mainly treated in grass-roots medical institutions. The rate of post-illness visits is low while the treatment costs are not low. Measures should be taken to reduce the medical expenses, raise the residents’ awareness of treatment and increase the prevention and control of primary health services and diarrhea The input to effectively reduce the burden of disease on diarrhea.