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1990年代以后,中国东南地区闽粤两省侨乡的同姓组织,在海外华人因素的促进下迅速复兴。根据近年的比较研究,福建南部沿海侨乡宗族的再生和复兴,不仅仅停留在村落层次上已经扩大到跨乡镇、县市的宗亲会组织网络的建立与提携上,而且大部分也都与海外的宗亲组织来往密切,构筑了跨国跨地区的国际性互动网络。表明福建南部的同姓组织正以中国大陆其他地区少见的速度在深度和广度上发展。闽南侨乡的同姓组织主要包括宗族及宗亲组织。闽南宗族历史上曾经十分发达。由于故乡宗族组织的发达及其海外生存发展的需要,福建籍海外移民很早就在侨居地建立了同乡会及宗亲会,这些地缘和血缘组织长久以来为福建籍侨民的社会生活发挥了巨大的作用。因此,在以东南亚为主的福建籍华侨聚居地区,宗亲会组织历来十分发达。闽南侨乡的同姓组织由于有海外华人因素的明显作用,其复兴与重构具有自身鲜明的特殊性。海外福建籍同姓组织不仅在组织结构上及功能上对故乡的同姓组织影响明显,而且两者的互动关系十分密切。而这种血缘组织及其相关的地缘组织不仅是早期闽商赖以生存发展的基本要素,也是当今海内外闽商商业网络的一个重要组成部分。本文根据笔者十余年来对石狮市的同姓组织所做的一系列田野调查研究,主要以对蔡氏同姓组织所进行的田野调查资料,报告通过该项研究而揭示的海外华人与闽南侨乡同姓组织的互动状况,阐明其社会原因及作用。
After the 1990s, the organizations of surnames of overseas Chinese in the two provinces of Fujian and Guangdong in southeastern China revived rapidly with the help of the overseas Chinese. According to recent comparative studies, the revival and rejuvenation of the clans in the Qiaoxiang area along the southern coast of Fujian Province have not only remained at the village level, but have also been extended to the establishment and promotion of the clan associations network across townships and counties, and most of them Overseas clan organizations closely related to each other, to build a transnational cross-regional international network of interactions. This shows that the same surname organizations in southern Fujian are developing in depth and breadth at a rare rate in other parts of mainland China. The same surname organizations in the hometown of overseas Chinese in southern Fujian mainly include clans and clan organizations. Minnan clan history has been very developed. Due to the development of the clan organization in the hometown and the need for its overseas survival and development, overseas immigrants from Fujian Province established associations and clansmen associations early in the year in which they lived. These geo-related organizations have long played a significant role in the social life of Fujian nationals Role. Therefore, the clan associations have always been well-developed in the areas where overseas Chinese in Fujian Province, mainly in Southeast Asia, live. Owing to the obvious function of the overseas Chinese, the same surname organizations in the hometown of overseas Chinese in southern Fujian have their own distinctive characteristics of revival and reconstruction. Overseas organizations with the same surname in Fujian not only have an obvious influence on the organization of their surnames in the organizational structure and function, but also have very close interaction with each other. This consanguinity organization and its associated geopolitical organizations are not only the basic elements of the survival and development of Min Merchant in the early stage, but also an important part of Min Merchant Network at home and abroad today. Based on a series of fieldwork research conducted by the author on the same surname organizations in Shishi for more than ten years, this paper mainly reports the fieldwork conducted by the same surnamed family in Chishui, and reports that the overseas Chinese and the overseas Chinese in southern Fujian have the same surname Organization of the interaction, clarify its social causes and effects.