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目的探讨新生儿低血糖的危险因素及临床特点,为临床防治提供依据。方法采用德国罗氏公司生产的血糖仪足跟采血,测定389例有围生期高危因素的新生儿血糖,并以203例正常足月儿作为对照。结果高危儿发生低血糖102例占26%,正常足月儿7例占3.4%。2组发生率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),高危因素中以母患糖尿病的新生儿,早产儿及小于胎龄儿,窒息,感染,喂养困难,孕母妊高征发病率高。低出生体重儿巨大儿低血糖发生率分别与正常出生体重儿低血糖发生率比较,差异有非常显著性(P<0.01)。结论对有低血糖高危因素的新生儿在生后24h内要连续检测血糖,尤其是8h内应常规检测血糖水平,以便及时发现及时采取措施,避免发生伤残死亡。
Objective To explore the risk factors and clinical features of neonatal hypoglycemia and provide the basis for clinical prevention and treatment. Methods Blood was collected from the heel of a blood glucose meter manufactured by Roche Company in Germany. Blood glucose was measured in 389 neonates with perinatal high risk factors and 203 normal term infants were used as controls. Results The incidence of hypoglycemia in high-risk infants was 26% and in normal full-term infants 7 cases (3.4%). There was significant difference between the two groups (P <0.01). The risk factors were high incidence of neonatal diabetes, premature children and small gestational age children with asphyxia, infection, feeding difficulties and pregnant women with PIH. The incidence of hypoglycemia in macular children with low birth weight was significantly lower than that of normal birth weight (P <0.01). Conclusion Neonates with high risk factors for hypoglycemia should monitor blood glucose continuously within 24 hours after birth. In particular, blood glucose level should be routinely tested within 8 hours in order to find out timely measures to avoid disability death.