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运用倒装句的过程中,有些同学经常写出一些有毛病的倒装句。现浅析如下:
一:
病句:Only can a doctor do it.
分析:大家知道,only加状语位于句首时,我们应该用部分倒装结构;即把助动词或动词be移置主语的前面。如:
Only once was he beaten for his carelessness.
显而易见,在以上“病句”中,我们根本看不到状语的踪影;句首的 only所修饰说明的是主语a doctor而不是状语;所以这个句子不应该倒装。
分析结果:正确的句子应该是:only a doctor can do it.
及时练习:(请用倒装句结构翻译下面的两个句子。全部答案请见后面。)
1. 只有他知道这件事。
2. 直到那时我才知道我完全错了。
二:
病句:Here comes he.
分析:大家知道,表示强调的或引起人们注意的句型“Here(There, Then, Up, In, Away, Off等副词) + 不及物动词 + 主语”是个全倒装句式。句子实行倒装时我们应将整个谓语动词移置句首。如:
Here comes the bus.
Out went the students.
但是有一点我们必须记住:此句型中如果句子主语是人称代词时,其主谓语序不变。如:Away they went.
分析结果:正确的句子应该是:Here he comes.
及时练习:(请用倒装结构翻译下列句子:)
1. 她走了。
2. 我们的老师来了。
三:
病句:— Li Ming works hard, I think.
— So does he. He is really a good boy.
分析:为了表示重复前句部分的内容,人们常用“so (否定用nor或neither) + 助动词 / be + 主语”的倒装结构。如:
Zhang Hua has been to Beijing. So have we.
Li Wei can’t answer the question, nor can I.
对于这一倒装结构,大家应注意的是:如果说话者不是部分重复,而是全部重复前面的内容,或者完全同意对方观点时,这时助动词或动词be只能放置主语之后。如:
— Liu Ying is diligent and is often praised by her teacher.
— So she is. We should learn from her.
分析结果:正确的句子应该是:
— Li Ming works hard, I think.
— So he does. He is really a good boy.
及时练习:(请用倒装结构翻译下列句子:)
1. — 昨天冷。
— 的确是这样。
2. — 李明每天打扫两条街道;他工作很努力。
— 他的确如此;我同意你的看法。
四:
病句: Only when did he come I knew this matter.
分析:注意: only加状语从句位于句首时,句子应该半倒装。如:
Only then did I know I was wrong. / Only in this way can we learn Englishwell. 但是我们应知道:这种倒装句式中状语从句本身是不能倒装的,此时应该倒装的是后面的主句部分。如:Only after he graduated from that school did she see her English teacher’s husband.
分析结果:正确的句子应该是:
Only when he came did I know this matter.
及时练习:(请用倒装结构完成下面两个句子:)
1. 只有当你认识到学英语的重要性时你才能把它学好。
2. 这个事情发生之后我才知道。
五:
病句: Not only he is good at singing, but (also) does he like reading.
分析:造成这个“病句”的原因是:有些学生只知道当not only位于句首连接两个并列分句时,句子中应出现部分倒装形式,但是他们应该知道倒装的部分是第一分句,而不是第二分句。如:Not only did he drink some wine yesterday, but he was also in low spirits.
分析结果:正确的句子应该是:
Not only is he good at singing, but healso likes reading.
及时练习:(请用倒装句结构翻译下面的两个句子:)
1. 我不但认识她,而且还是她的朋友。
2. 他不但对唱歌感兴趣,而且也喜欢跳舞。
六:
病句:No sooner did he get to the hospital than he rushed to Room 301.
分析:大家应知道,句型“no sooner...than”和“hardly...when...”是用来表达“一……就……”这个意思的。当no sooner和hardly放在句首时,这两个句型应采用部分倒装形式。这时我们应注意的是:连词than和when的前半部分应该用过去完成时的时态形式,而不是过去时态。如:
No sooner had I entered the room than I heard something terrible outside.
分析结果:正确的句子应该是:
No sooner had he got to the hospital than he rushed to Room 301.
及时练习:(请用倒装结构翻译下面的两个句子:)
1. 她一出去电话铃就响了。
2. 他一到达车站就发现她站在那儿。
七:
病句:So hard works he that all his teachers like him.
分析:在“so / such...that...”结构中,当“so + 形容词或副词” / “such a(n) + 形容词 + 单数名词” / “ such + 形容词 + 复数名词 / 不可数名词”部分位于句首表示强调时,句子应该用半倒装而不是全倒装。如:Such a good article was it that we all copied it down。
分析结果:正确的句子应该是:
So hard does he work that all his teachers like him.
及时练习:(请用倒装结构翻译下面的两个句子:)
1. 他工作如此仔细,结果常得到他老板的赞扬。
2. 他得到了这么好的一个结果,以致于他妈妈情不自禁地唱了起来。
及时练习参考答案:
一:
1. Only he knows all about it.
2. Only then did I know I was
completely wrong.
二:
1. There she goes / Away she went.
2. Here comes our teacher.
三:
1. — It was cold yesterday.
— So it was.
2. — Li Ming cleans two streets every day and he works hard.
— So he does. I agree with you.
四:
Only when you realize the importance of English can you learn it well.
Only after the matter (had) happened did I know it.
五:
Not only do I know her but I am (also) her friend.
Not only is he interested in singing, but he also likes dancing.
六:
1. No sooner had she gone out than the telephone rang.
2. Hardly had he arrived at the station when he found her standing there.
七:
1. So carefully does he do his work that he is often praised by his boss.
2. Such a nice result did he get that his mother couldn’t help singing.
一:
病句:Only can a doctor do it.
分析:大家知道,only加状语位于句首时,我们应该用部分倒装结构;即把助动词或动词be移置主语的前面。如:
Only once was he beaten for his carelessness.
显而易见,在以上“病句”中,我们根本看不到状语的踪影;句首的 only所修饰说明的是主语a doctor而不是状语;所以这个句子不应该倒装。
分析结果:正确的句子应该是:only a doctor can do it.
及时练习:(请用倒装句结构翻译下面的两个句子。全部答案请见后面。)
1. 只有他知道这件事。
2. 直到那时我才知道我完全错了。
二:
病句:Here comes he.
分析:大家知道,表示强调的或引起人们注意的句型“Here(There, Then, Up, In, Away, Off等副词) + 不及物动词 + 主语”是个全倒装句式。句子实行倒装时我们应将整个谓语动词移置句首。如:
Here comes the bus.
Out went the students.
但是有一点我们必须记住:此句型中如果句子主语是人称代词时,其主谓语序不变。如:Away they went.
分析结果:正确的句子应该是:Here he comes.
及时练习:(请用倒装结构翻译下列句子:)
1. 她走了。
2. 我们的老师来了。
三:
病句:— Li Ming works hard, I think.
— So does he. He is really a good boy.
分析:为了表示重复前句部分的内容,人们常用“so (否定用nor或neither) + 助动词 / be + 主语”的倒装结构。如:
Zhang Hua has been to Beijing. So have we.
Li Wei can’t answer the question, nor can I.
对于这一倒装结构,大家应注意的是:如果说话者不是部分重复,而是全部重复前面的内容,或者完全同意对方观点时,这时助动词或动词be只能放置主语之后。如:
— Liu Ying is diligent and is often praised by her teacher.
— So she is. We should learn from her.
分析结果:正确的句子应该是:
— Li Ming works hard, I think.
— So he does. He is really a good boy.
及时练习:(请用倒装结构翻译下列句子:)
1. — 昨天冷。
— 的确是这样。
2. — 李明每天打扫两条街道;他工作很努力。
— 他的确如此;我同意你的看法。
四:
病句: Only when did he come I knew this matter.
分析:注意: only加状语从句位于句首时,句子应该半倒装。如:
Only then did I know I was wrong. / Only in this way can we learn Englishwell. 但是我们应知道:这种倒装句式中状语从句本身是不能倒装的,此时应该倒装的是后面的主句部分。如:Only after he graduated from that school did she see her English teacher’s husband.
分析结果:正确的句子应该是:
Only when he came did I know this matter.
及时练习:(请用倒装结构完成下面两个句子:)
1. 只有当你认识到学英语的重要性时你才能把它学好。
2. 这个事情发生之后我才知道。
五:
病句: Not only he is good at singing, but (also) does he like reading.
分析:造成这个“病句”的原因是:有些学生只知道当not only位于句首连接两个并列分句时,句子中应出现部分倒装形式,但是他们应该知道倒装的部分是第一分句,而不是第二分句。如:Not only did he drink some wine yesterday, but he was also in low spirits.
分析结果:正确的句子应该是:
Not only is he good at singing, but healso likes reading.
及时练习:(请用倒装句结构翻译下面的两个句子:)
1. 我不但认识她,而且还是她的朋友。
2. 他不但对唱歌感兴趣,而且也喜欢跳舞。
六:
病句:No sooner did he get to the hospital than he rushed to Room 301.
分析:大家应知道,句型“no sooner...than”和“hardly...when...”是用来表达“一……就……”这个意思的。当no sooner和hardly放在句首时,这两个句型应采用部分倒装形式。这时我们应注意的是:连词than和when的前半部分应该用过去完成时的时态形式,而不是过去时态。如:
No sooner had I entered the room than I heard something terrible outside.
分析结果:正确的句子应该是:
No sooner had he got to the hospital than he rushed to Room 301.
及时练习:(请用倒装结构翻译下面的两个句子:)
1. 她一出去电话铃就响了。
2. 他一到达车站就发现她站在那儿。
七:
病句:So hard works he that all his teachers like him.
分析:在“so / such...that...”结构中,当“so + 形容词或副词” / “such a(n) + 形容词 + 单数名词” / “ such + 形容词 + 复数名词 / 不可数名词”部分位于句首表示强调时,句子应该用半倒装而不是全倒装。如:Such a good article was it that we all copied it down。
分析结果:正确的句子应该是:
So hard does he work that all his teachers like him.
及时练习:(请用倒装结构翻译下面的两个句子:)
1. 他工作如此仔细,结果常得到他老板的赞扬。
2. 他得到了这么好的一个结果,以致于他妈妈情不自禁地唱了起来。
及时练习参考答案:
一:
1. Only he knows all about it.
2. Only then did I know I was
completely wrong.
二:
1. There she goes / Away she went.
2. Here comes our teacher.
三:
1. — It was cold yesterday.
— So it was.
2. — Li Ming cleans two streets every day and he works hard.
— So he does. I agree with you.
四:
Only when you realize the importance of English can you learn it well.
Only after the matter (had) happened did I know it.
五:
Not only do I know her but I am (also) her friend.
Not only is he interested in singing, but he also likes dancing.
六:
1. No sooner had she gone out than the telephone rang.
2. Hardly had he arrived at the station when he found her standing there.
七:
1. So carefully does he do his work that he is often praised by his boss.
2. Such a nice result did he get that his mother couldn’t help singing.