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矽肺是由于长期吸入游离二氧化矽的粉尘而引起的疾病。其病变的性质是肺内产生大量纤维组织(称为弥漫性肺纤维变),使正常柔软而富有弹性的肺脏逐渐变硬。肺组织的硬化破坏了肺泡、支气管、血管与淋巴管的正常结构,严重影响了呼吸和循环功能。患者感到胸闷胸痛,劳动时气短,呼吸困难逐步加剧,以致完全丧失劳动力。凡长期接触含有二氧化矽的粉尘,缺乏防护设备,经过10年或20年都可得病,粉尘浓度过高时,工作1～2年即可得病。自然界中二氧化矽的分布是极为广泛的,地壳的岩
Silicosis is a disease caused by prolonged inhalation of free silica dust. The nature of the lesion is the production of large quantities of fibrous tissue in the lung called diffuse lung fibrosis, which gradually softens the normally soft and elastic lungs. Hardening of lung tissue disrupts the normal structure of the alveoli, bronchi, blood vessels and lymphatic vessels, severely affecting respiratory and circulatory functions. Patients feel chest tightness, chest pain, shortness of breath when working, and breathing difficulties are gradually aggravated, resulting in total loss of labor force. Where long-term exposure to dust containing silica, the lack of protective equipment, after 10 years or 20 years are sick, dust concentration is too high, the work can be sick for 1 to 2 years. The distribution of silica in nature is extremely broad, crustal rocks