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《窦娥冤》是元代杂剧作家关汉卿的名作之一,后被各种地方戏改编上演,经久不衰。1958年,马健翎先生将其改编为同名秦腔剧,至今仍在戏曲舞台上上演。马先生把元杂剧中的人物张驴儿父子改为母子,并且将窦娥冤魂向其父亲托梦寻求鸣冤昭雪,更改为窦父查访楚州三年大旱的原因进而查案得出真相,正是这些改变,使窦娥这一女性形象发生了变化,由传统的节烈女子变为善良、孝顺的女子,其悲剧性和反抗性都有所弱化。
“Dou E injustice” is one of the masterpieces by Guan Hanqing, a dramatist of Yuan Dynasty drama, which was endorsed by various local operas and endured. In 1958, Mr. Majianling adapted them into the Qin opera with the same name, still performing on the stage of opera. Ma changed the characters in the Yuan Zaizi to the mother and son, and changed the name of Dou E innocent to seeking justice from his father Tormento and changed the reason why Dou Dou visited Chuzhou for three years and further investigated the case to find out the truth. It is these changes that make Dou’e the female image changed. From traditional festival girls to good and filial women, their tragedy and resistance have been weakened.