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目的了解马鞍山市部分公共场所室内PM_(2.5)的污染水平,探讨其可能的影响因素。方法于2013年1月至2014年3月,以马鞍山市25家公共场所(宾馆、洗浴中心、网吧、咖啡馆、电影院各5家)作为监测对象,采用光散射法测定室内外PM_(2.5)浓度,同时现场记录监测点的室内人员数量、吸烟人员数量、禁烟政策、空调使用情况等。结果公共场所室内PM_(2.5)浓度的中位数(M)为104μg/m~3,四分位数间距(IQR)为63~194μg/m~3。不同类型公共场所的室内PM_(2.5)浓度差异有统计学意义(F=31.569,P<0.001)。网吧室内PM_(2.5)浓度最高,M(IQR)为289(222~609)μg/m~3,咖啡馆次之,为203(110~335)μg/m~3,宾馆、洗浴中心和电影院最低,分别为98(50~142)、88(59~157)、75(53~102)μg/m~3。多重线性回归分析显示,室内PM_(2.5)浓度随着室外PM_(2.5)浓度、室内吸烟人时密度及室内人时密度的增加而升高,不使用地毯、使用中央空调、实施禁烟政策和使用机械通风均可降低室内PM_(2.5)浓度,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论调查期间马鞍山市公共场所室内PM_(2.5)污染较严重。室外PM_(2.5)、室内吸烟、室内人员、地毯等是室内PM_(2.5)的污染来源。
Objective To understand the pollution level of indoor PM_ (2.5) in some public places in Ma’anshan City and to explore its possible influencing factors. Methods From January 2013 to March 2014, 25 public places (hotels, bathing centers, cybercafes, cafes and cinemas) were monitored in Maanshan City. The indoor and outdoor PM 2.5 levels were measured by light scattering method. Concentration, at the same time on-site recording of indoor monitoring points, the number of smokers, non-smoking policy, the use of air conditioners. Results The median (M) of indoor PM_ (2.5) concentrations was 104 μg / m ~ 3 and the interquartile range (IQR) was 63 ~ 194 μg / m ~ 3 in public places. The indoor PM_ (2.5) concentrations in different types of public places were significantly different (F = 31.569, P <0.001). The indoor PM_ (2.5) concentration in the Internet cafe was the highest, with M (IQR) 289 (222-609) μg / m ~ 3 and coffee house 203-310-335 μg / m ~ 3, hotels, bathhouses and cinemas The lowest was 98 (50 ~ 142), 88 (59 ~ 157) and 75 (53 ~ 102) μg / m ~ 3, respectively. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that indoor PM 2.5 concentration increased with outdoor concentration of PM 2.5, indoor smoker density and indoor human density increase, no carpet, central air conditioning, no smoking policy and use Mechanical ventilation can reduce indoor PM_ (2.5) concentration, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion During the investigation, the indoor PM_ (2.5) pollution in Ma’anshan City was more serious. Outdoor PM_ (2.5), indoor smoking, indoor personnel, carpets and other indoor PM_ (2.5) sources of pollution.