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目的了解渤海湾近岸不同年份构建的人工鱼礁区表层沉积物重金属空间分布特征及其潜在的生态风险。方法分别在2010、2012、2014年构建的人工鱼礁区及附近未投放人工鱼礁的海域(对照区)各设三个站位共采集12个沉积物样品,运用电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定沉积物中Cu、Pb、Zn、Cd、As、Cr 6种重金属元素的含量,并运用地累积指数(I_(geo))和潜在生态风险指数(RI)对沉积物重金属污染状况和生态风险进行评价。结果沉积物中Cu、As、Pb含量顺位为对照区>2014年人工鱼礁区>2012年人工鱼礁区>2010年人工鱼礁区;Zn,Cr,Cd的含量顺位为对照区>2014年人工鱼礁区>2010年人工鱼礁区>2012年人工鱼礁区。Igeo指数表明Cd达到严重污染程度,Cu,As为轻度偏中度污染,其他重金属无污染。RI指数表明2010年和2012年人工鱼礁区潜在生态风险程度均为中度,2014年人工鱼礁区与对照区均为重度。结论本次调查的人工鱼礁区表层沉积物中Cd的污染应引起关注,投礁年限长的鱼礁区表层沉积物重金属污染较轻。
Objective To understand the spatial distribution characteristics of heavy metals in surface sediments of artificial reefs and their potential ecological risks in different years of the coast of the Bohai Gulf. Methods A total of 12 sediment samples were collected from three stations in the artificial reef area constructed in 2010, 2012 and 2014 and in the sea area near the artificial reef where the artificial reefs were not deployed (control area) respectively. The samples were collected by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry The contents of Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, As and Cr in sediments were determined by using the cumulative index (I_ (geo)) and potential ecological risk index (RI) Evaluation. Results The contents of Cu, As and Pb in the sediments were in the order of control area> Artificial reef area in 2014> Artificial reef area in 2012> Artificial reef area in 2010; The contents of Zn, Cr and Cd in the control area> Artificial Reef Area 2014> Artificial Reef Area 2010> Artificial Reef Area 2012. Igeo index shows that Cd reaches a serious degree of pollution, Cu and As are mild and moderately polluting, and other heavy metals are non-polluting. The RI index indicates that the potential ecological risk in the artificial reef areas was moderate in 2010 and 2012, and both the artificial reef areas and the control areas were heavy in 2014. Conclusions The contamination of Cd in the surface sediments of artificial reefs in this survey should be concerned. Heavy metal pollution in surface sediments of reefs with longer reef length should be neglected.