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目的为取得蔡甸区高血压患病率的本底资料,有效分配卫生资源,控制疾病和加强社区人群的健康教育干预措施提供依据。方法于2002年10—12月,采取整群抽样方法,抽取蔡甸区的6个村,以15岁以上1118人作为研究对象,进行现场调查。结果20岁～组患病率最低为2.82%,70岁以上组患病率最高为45.65%。各年龄组总患病率随年龄增长而上升,差别有统计学意义(χ2=143.27,P<0.001)。离退休人员患病率最高为34.15%,待业人员患病率最低为6.67%,学生无病例发生。不同职业患病率比较,差别有统计学意义(χ2=28.66,P<0.001)。高中文化程度者患病率最低为8.33%,文盲患病率最高为33.85%,不同文化程度居民患病率比较,差别有统计学意义(χ2=42.06,P<0.001)。烟龄愈长,高血压患病率愈高,两者呈相关关系(r=0.9873)。不同烟龄组患病率比较,差别有统计学意义(χ2=25.96,P<0.001)。不喝酒者患病率为16.47%,低于喝酒者(23.44%),差别有统计学意义(χ2=6.47,P<0.05)。BMI与患病率间显示正相关关系(r=0.9859)。父母有高血压史者患病率为22.82%,高于父母无高血压史者(16.99%),两者差别有统计学意义(χ2=3.84,P<0.05)。结论高血压患病率喝酒者显著高于不喝酒者,患病率与吸烟者烟龄、超重、肥胖等显示出高度相关性,因此,加强社区人群的健康教育,使其建立科学的生活方式,对预防高血压有重要意义。
Objectives To provide evidence for obtaining the background information on the prevalence of hypertension in Caidian District, allocating health resources effectively, controlling diseases and enhancing health education interventions for the community population. Methods From October to December in 2002, a cluster sampling method was adopted to collect 6 villages in Caidian District and 1118 people aged over 15 years as research subjects. Results The lowest prevalence in group 20 years old was 2.82%. The highest prevalence in group over 70 years old was 45.65%. The total prevalence of all age groups increased with age, the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 143.27, P <0.001). The highest prevalence of retirees was 34.15%, the lowest prevalence of unemployed persons was 6.67%, and no case of students occurred. The prevalence of different occupations, the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 28.66, P <0.001). The lowest prevalence of high school education was 8.33%, the highest illiteracy rate was 33.85%. The prevalence of residents with different education levels was significantly different (χ2 = 42.06, P <0.001). The longer the smoking age, the higher the prevalence of hypertension, the two were related (r = 0.9873). The smoking prevalence in different age groups, the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 25.96, P <0.001). The prevalence of non-drinkers was 16.47%, lower than drinkers (23.44%), the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 6.47, P <0.05). BMI and the prevalence showed a positive correlation (r = 0.9859). The prevalence of hypertension in parents was 22.82%, higher than that of parents without hypertension (16.99%), the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 3.84, P <0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of hypertension is significantly higher in drinkers than in non-drinkers. The prevalence is highly correlated with smoker’s age, overweight and obesity. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the health education among community groups so that they can establish a scientific lifestyle , To prevent hypertension is of great significance.