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【目的】探讨涠洲岛不同底质下最适宜的硬珊瑚苗圃架设方法和最佳移植培育种类。【方法】在涠洲岛周边海域砂质、基岩、珊瑚碎屑和礁石等4种不同底质架设固定式(20个)及悬浮式(112个)珊瑚苗圃,移植块状、枝状、叶状等7种硬珊瑚断枝,共2436个;观测记录苗圃保存情况及珊瑚成活率、珊瑚体积增长率等。【结果】礁石底质海域的苗圃保存程度最高,为70%;其次是珊瑚碎屑海域(北部牛角坑)的苗圃,为57%。铁架式苗圃的平均保存率为63%,是保存程度最好的苗圃形式。经过一年时间的培育,风信子鹿角珊瑚Acropora hyacinthus的成活率达到20%~80%,体积增加3.5倍;粗野鹿角珊瑚Acropora humilis成活率达到25%~49%,体积增加1.5倍。其他种类珊瑚生长较慢,成活率较低。【结论】铁架式苗圃结构稳固、不易受台风等风暴潮的影响,是涠洲岛最适合的珊瑚苗圃形式。涠洲岛四面环海,珊瑚苗圃应架设在岛屿北部,礁石和珊瑚碎屑基底的海域。风信子鹿角珊瑚在一年时间内体积可以增加3倍,且存活率高,是涠洲岛珊瑚礁移植最优先考虑的种类。
【Objective】 The objective of this study was to explore the most suitable method for erecting hard coral nurseries and cultivating the best transplanting species under different basal conditions in Weizhou Island. 【Method】 Fixed (20) and suspended (112) coral nurseries were erected in 4 different substrates such as sand, bedrock, coral debris and reef in the sea area around Weizhou Island, Leaf and other 7 kinds of hard coral branches, a total of 2436; observation nursery preservation and survival rate of coral, coral volume growth rate. 【Result】 The results showed that nurseries in reef sediment area had the highest conservation level of 70%, followed by nurseries of coral debris area (northern horn pit) at 57%. The average shelf-life of iron-clad nurseries was 63%, the best preserved form of nursery. After a year of cultivation, the survival rate of Acropora hyacinthus reached 20% -80% and its volume increased by 3.5 times. Acropora humilis survived 25% -49% and its volume increased by 1.5 times. Other species grow slower and have lower survival rates. 【Conclusion】 The iron-frame nursery has a stable structure and is not easily affected by typhoon and other storm surges. It is the most suitable coral nursery form in Weizhou Island. Weizhou Island surrounded by the sea, coral nurseries should be set up in the northern islands, reefs and coral debris basement waters. Hyacinth Antler coral in a year time volume can be increased 3 times, and high survival rate, Weizhou Island coral reef transplantation of the highest priority species.