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从开始学英语到高考，虽是久经沙场，练习也做了无数，可是许多学生对完形填空题型仍然是望而生畏、一筹莫展。从近年高考英语考查结果看，“完形填空”题往往是英语试题中难度较大，得分率较低的题型之一。
2005年高考英语考试大纲(新课程版)明确规定：完形填空是在一篇200～250词的短文中留出20个空白，要求考生从每题所给的4个选项中选出最佳选项，使补足后的短文意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。可见，完形填空题是知识型试题和能力型试题的综合。它是一种测试学生语言水平和实际运用语言能力的综合性题型。完形填空题型复杂，涉及词类的搭配关系，词意的区别，语法结构，逻辑推理等各种知识，它不仅要求学生必须具备一定的词汇量和一定的语法知识，而且还必须具备一定的阅读理解能力、分析能力、逻辑推理能力，使完形后的文章不仅语法上准确，用词恰当，而且意思、结构无误。但“完形填空”并非坚不可破，它也有其自身的特征及相应的破解之道。
一、完形填空的特征
一般来讲，“完形填空”通常具有以下特征：
1． 完形填空一般无标题，首句不留空，是完整的一句。
2． 完形填空所提供的短文一般都有一个鲜明的主题或讲述一个人生哲理。如：2004年浙江英语试卷的主题是：照看孩子并主管家务并不是件容易的事情，也不只是妻子的任务，应由夫妻分担。而2005年全国卷I的完形填空短文主题则为：每个人都有自己特殊的能力，而这种能力常常在不经意中被发现。
3． 设空以实词（content word）为主，功能词(function word)为辅。如：2004年浙江高考英语试卷的20个空中，考查实词的有13个（其中动词8个、形容词4个、名词1个、副词2个），而功能词只有5个。
4． 语篇词汇难度适中，句法结构有一定难度，信息量丰富，篇章结构较复杂。
5． 四个选项一般属于同一词类，相同语义范畴。
6． 跨越句子层次的题占绝大多数，也就是说只读懂设空所在句子便可找到答案的题仅占极少数，大多数选项的答案都要通过段落甚至全文来找到。以2004年浙江高考卷为例，属于句子层次的题目仅为5小题，其余15小题均需要考虑到设空句以外的其他句、段内容，甚至从全文角度来考虑。
7． 另外，近几年高考完形填空题中，近义词或短语的辨析出现的较多。
二、解题技巧
鉴于完形填空题的如此复杂，做此类题时，切不能急于求成，一定要注意对文章的整体理解、逻辑推理或句法分析。
总体上可遵循三步法原则予以应对，即：“粗读—细读—审读”。下面我们以2004年浙江高考卷为例，具体分析完形填空的答题技巧：
“It was all his own idea,” says Pat, the wife of California high school football coach Bob Peters. Bob had 36 made a “motherhood contract (合同)”—declaring that for 70 days this summer he would 37 the care of their four children and all the housework.38 he didn’t even know how to make coffee when he signed, he was very confident.
After 40 of the 70 days, he was ready to 39. “ I was beaten down, “ admits Bob. “Not only is motherhood a 40 task, it is an impossible job for any normal human being.”
Bob and Pat were married in 1991. After they married, Pat 41 a secretary to help put him through university.42 Bob has been the football coach while Pat raised the kids.43 two years ago Pat went back to work. “ I had been44 children so much,” she 45, “I couldn’t talk to a grown-up.” She continued to run the household,46－-- until Bob signed the contract.
Bob tried hard to learn cooking, but the meals he prepared were47. For the last three weeks, the family 48a lot--- sometimes having MacDonald’s hamburgers for lunch and dinner.
49 housekeeping, a home economics teacher had told Bob that a room always looks clean50the bed is made. “ I found51---I shut the doors,” he says. Soon the kids were wearing their shirts inside out. “When we went to52 Pat at work, I made them wear their shirts53side out so they would look clean.”
Now that Bob has publicly 54he was wrong, he is 55 the child-raising and household tasks with Pat.
36. A. only B. just
C. nearly D. ever
37. A. stick to B. set about
C. think about D. take over
38. A. If B. As
C. Since D. Although
39. A. carry on B. give up
C. break down D. find out
40. A. strange B. pleasant
C. difficult D. serious
41. A. sent B. employed
C. learned from D. worked as
42. A. In time B. Before long
C. Since then D. Later on
43. A. Then B. Thus
C. So D. Still
44. A. near B. after
C. about D. around
45. A. insists B. sighs
C. jokes D. apologizes
46. A. besides B. therefore
C. however D. otherwise
47. A. terrible B. tasty
C. expensive D. special
48. A. starved B. traveled
C. worked out D. ate out
49. A. Due to B. As for
C. Along with D. Except for
50. A. until B. before
C. if D. unless
51. A. an easier way B. a cheaper way
C. a cleaner way D. a harder way
52. A. receive B. welcome
C. greet D. fetch
53. A. good B. wrong
C. right D. opposite
54. A. admitted B. suggested
C. agreed D. explained
55. A. operating B. realizing
C. sharing D. performing
技巧一： 重视首句，把握开篇
完形填空一般首句不留空白，是完整的一句。细读此句可以判断文章体裁，预测全文大意和主旨，还可推断文章的时态。读懂首句可以帮助建立正确的思维导向，避免误入歧途，对理解全文起重要的作用。
例 2003 年北京卷完形填空题的首句
I was six when I joined my father and two elder brothers at sunrise in the fields of Eufaula, Okla.
该文叙述了作者幼年的“工作”经历给他的成长过程带来的好处和使他懂得的道理。 而第一句就点明了六岁就开始和父亲、哥哥在田里干活了, 从而直接明确地引入全文的主题。
2004年浙江卷原文是一篇短小的记叙文。讲述丈夫Bob同妻子签了一份协议，宣称要在暑期70天里照看孩子并主管所有家务。40天才过他就承认了家务事的艰难，并开始与妻子分担照看孩子和做家务事了。首句:“It was all his own idea,” says Pat, the wife of California high school football coach Bob Peters. 开门见山地告诉读者“丈夫自愿签了一份协议”，点明了事件，人物及其身份（其两人为夫妻关系，丈夫为一学校足球教练，因此才有70天的假期）。由此可以推断下文应出现“协议的内容，执行的过程和结果。”
技巧二： 粗读全文，掌握大意，关注尾句
根据首句所提供的启示，捕捉文中关键词的词义信息，运用语篇知识和语篇分析方法在整体层面上领悟“残缺的”语篇的大概意思。同时要特别注意段尾句对主题的提示，联想自己已有的与主题思想相关的常识，从而判断文章的背景、体裁、结构、前因后果，体会作者的意图，并以此作为进一步猜测细节内容的依据。如上文中篇首提到Bob had 36 made a “motherhood contract (合同)”—declaring that for 70 days this summer he would 37 the care of their four children and all the housework.而文章的结尾却说：Bob has publicly54 he was wrong, he is55the child-raising and household tasks with Pat.由此可见主人翁Bob前后态度的转变。这就是本文所要表现的主题。
当然，大部分教师在指导学生做完形题时都特别告诫学生：第一遍浏览大意时不要急于答题。其实，在绝大多数情况下，我们在第一遍浏览文章时都会遇到个别自己有100% 正确把握的题目。因此，更为科学的答题方法是边快速浏览文章边答题。唯一值得牢记的是，第一遍看文章所答的题必须是那些有100%正确把握的题，否则就只能一直读下去。这样做有利于我们更加清晰、准确地理解整篇文章。当我们第二遍答题时，未知的东西会更少，解题会更趋容易。比如上文中的第3847485455 在初读时都可以很容易地确定答案。
技巧三：利用所给选项，切不可依赖选项
见空就看选项的方式是考生做题的一大弊病。正确的方法是先由上下文的逻辑关系，推理判断空白处所缺的内容，然后再从选项中寻找该内容所涉及到的词或意思相近的词。这样才能把握全文的脉络，不受错误选项的干扰。
技巧四：细读全文，慎选答案
掌握文章的大意后，再进行逐句分析，瞻前顾后，灵活答题。“瞻前顾后”，即先读所填词的句子，回顾上一句，兼顾下一句。如果一句中有两个空白待填，在初定答案时要“双管齐下”，在两处同时试填，然后通读全句，确定答案。具体可采用以下两种方法：
1. 择优法
根据文章的结构边读边填，一部分能立刻判断最佳答案的，就不必逐个考证其余答案，以节省时间。如：“Not only is motherhood a 40task, it is an impossible job for any normal human being.” 从后半句an impossible job可以看出Bob认为motherhood对于任何人都是很难的。这样就容易选出C. difficult了。
2. 排除法
对于一时难以确定的答案，可按空格位置，从语法结构、上下文意、习惯用法、词义辨析等方面，对选项逐个分析试填。此时，“瞻前顾后”是必要的。如果一句中有两处填空，要“双管齐下”，在两处同时试填，然后通读全句，确定答案 。如：“Soon the kids were wearing their shirts inside out. “When we went to52 Pat at work, I made them wear their shirts53side out so they would look clean.” 从第一句得知，Bob在家忙不过来，只好让孩子们在家时把衣服反穿（即里朝外穿inside out）。下文接着说“当出门时为使衣服显得干净些，那就只能再把衬衫的正面穿在外面了”。而right side（与inside out 相对）正是“衣服正面”之义。再看第52空，他们出去应与Pat有关，而Pat又在上班，若选A. receive B. welcomeC. greet 均不符合常理，fetch 则有“接某人”之义，根据上下文，此句意为“当我们去接上班的Pat时，孩子们就把衣服的正面穿在外面”。符合上下文逻辑，意义也通顺。
3. 逻辑判断法
在个别选题中，其所提供的选项，有的从语法角度进行考虑是正确的，但若从语意上考虑，则会产生矛盾，不合逻辑，此时应着重分析，理解文章和句子语意，对语法无误的几个选项通过逻辑进行判断，直至选出最完善的答案。如第48题：For the last three weeks, the family48a lot. 仅从本句的语法角度和意义上看，选项A. starved B. traveledC. worked out D. ate out 都正确。但若联系下文：sometimes having MacDonald’s hamburgers for lunch and dinner. 就只有D. ate out符合语境了。
技巧五： 先易后难，注重语感
答题时应遵循先易后难原则。对有把握的选项迅速确定，对一时无法把握的选项可先暂且搁置，跳过后继续往下读。切不可因某道题拿不准而冥思苦想，浪费宝贵的时间。待其他选项确定后，再回过头来分析未填的空格，往往这时就较容易看出其中玄机，从而攻克难点。如果对四个备选项都没有把握，可以依据自己的语感，哪个选项放在句子里读起来比较顺畅，就选哪个作为正确答案。
技巧六： 审读全文，反复推敲，调整答案
把选好的答案填入各相应的空格中，通读全文。核查完成后的短文是否意思通顺，前后连贯，结构完整。具体可从以下几方面着手：
1. 检查上下文的一致性：即时态、语态的一致，代词、名词、单复数的一致。如第36空选B. just就与上文所提供的一般过去时在时态上相一致。
2. 检查表达法的习惯性：即习惯用语（inside out, right side out，eat out）、固定搭配(share…with…, work as)、句型词组(since then, as for)是否符合习惯。
3. 检查上下文的连贯性：凭借语感，借助上下文，检查段落与段落，句子与句子之间的衔接是否连贯。复核这一环节至关重要，常常能纠正一两处甚至多处错误。对难以确定的答案，也要凭借语感选一个，决不可不选。
技巧七： 夯实基础知识，提高词汇的辨析能力
完形填空试题是通过干扰词来测试考生是否能排除干扰，作出正确的选择，从而显示出考生综合运用语言的能力。完形填空失分原因之一也是词汇语法知识不扎实。针对这一命题特点以及这几年近义词或短语的辨析在完形填空中出现较多的情况，教师平时应经常提醒学生注意词汇、语法知识的研习和积累，注意所学词汇的准确意义和搭配，多研究近义词或词组的辨析。对英语词汇的学习不能只停留在了解其中文意的基础上，要明确它的内涵和适用语境，要重视它的搭配和一词多义的用法。同时还要强调大量阅读的必要性，通过阅读提高理解语言的能力，增加文化背景知识。
根据以上方法，可得2004浙江卷答案为：36－－40 BDDBC 41--45 DCADB 46--50 CADBC 51--55 ADCAC
总之，要提高完形填空的解题能力，除了掌握以上基本步骤和方法外，还必须增加实践量，不断总结经验，掌握技巧，只有采用这种科学的态度，才能提高解题的准确性，达到事半功倍的效果。
三、巩固练习
阅读下面短文, 掌握其大意, 然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。(共20小题, 每小题1. 5分, 满分30分)
The word employment is one of the most 36＿＿＿words in the English language. It＿＿37＿＿to a social problem＿＿38＿＿effects can be harmful. Almost a century ago, Pope Leo XIII said, “Among the purposes a society should arrange＿＿39＿＿continuous supply of work＿＿40＿＿all times and seasons. ”It is easy to see why society should be worried about the＿＿41＿＿. They become miserable, suffer＿＿42＿＿of self-respect and social position, and their families are possible to break＿＿43＿＿. Sometimes they are＿＿44＿＿toward crime(犯罪); often they feel terrible disappointment. Their children suffer too. Indeed, perhaps the worst effects of unemployment are＿＿ 45＿＿children,whose education, health, and safety may be＿＿46＿＿.After a few minutes’＿＿47＿＿, most people would agree that in this or any other country, every citizen who is able and willing to work should be able to get a job. We are not saying that all employment,＿＿48＿＿its causes or nature, should be＿＿49＿＿out. For example, some unemployment may be＿＿50＿＿choice. According to the U.S. government, any person 16 years old or more＿＿51＿＿does not have a job and is looking for one is unemployed. Since this saying is necessary quite＿＿52＿＿, it is important that we know different kinds of unemployment.
Some people give＿＿53＿＿their jobs and look for something better. They may get angry at their bosses, or they may feel that they can get more money＿＿54＿＿. Others, particularly ex-students, are looking for their first jobs. Still others are out of jobs temporarily (暂时)because their work is＿＿55＿＿,as in the construction industry.
36.A. frightening B. frightened
C. useless D. useful
37.A. means B. refers
C. talks D. says
38.A. which B. that C. whom D. whose
39.A. to B. for
C. in D. through
40.A. on B. in
C. at D. by
41.A. bad B. unlucky
C. unemployed D. old
42.A. rid B. loss C. lose D. fall
43.A. apart B. away
C. out D. off
44.A. asked B. ordered
C. pushed D. told
45.A. on B. in
C. inside D. by
46.A. enjoyed B. suffered
C. divided D. destroyed
47.A. discussion B. talk
C. thought D. rest
48.A. whenever B. whatever
C. whichever D. whoever
49.A. given B. cut
C. left D. wiped
50.A. own B. oneself
C. personal D. one’s
51.A. what B. who
C. which D. whom
52.A. tired B. bad
C. inactive D. unclear
53.A. off B. up
C. in D. away
54.A. wherever B. nowhere
C. anywhere D. elsewhere
55.A. seasonal B. seasoning
C. seasonally D. seasonable
key
36-40 ABDBC 41-45 CBACA
46-50 DCBDC 51-55 BDBDA
2005年高考英语考试大纲(新课程版)明确规定：完形填空是在一篇200～250词的短文中留出20个空白，要求考生从每题所给的4个选项中选出最佳选项，使补足后的短文意思通顺、前后连贯、结构完整。可见，完形填空题是知识型试题和能力型试题的综合。它是一种测试学生语言水平和实际运用语言能力的综合性题型。完形填空题型复杂，涉及词类的搭配关系，词意的区别，语法结构，逻辑推理等各种知识，它不仅要求学生必须具备一定的词汇量和一定的语法知识，而且还必须具备一定的阅读理解能力、分析能力、逻辑推理能力，使完形后的文章不仅语法上准确，用词恰当，而且意思、结构无误。但“完形填空”并非坚不可破，它也有其自身的特征及相应的破解之道。
一、完形填空的特征
一般来讲，“完形填空”通常具有以下特征：
1． 完形填空一般无标题，首句不留空，是完整的一句。
2． 完形填空所提供的短文一般都有一个鲜明的主题或讲述一个人生哲理。如：2004年浙江英语试卷的主题是：照看孩子并主管家务并不是件容易的事情，也不只是妻子的任务，应由夫妻分担。而2005年全国卷I的完形填空短文主题则为：每个人都有自己特殊的能力，而这种能力常常在不经意中被发现。
3． 设空以实词（content word）为主，功能词(function word)为辅。如：2004年浙江高考英语试卷的20个空中，考查实词的有13个（其中动词8个、形容词4个、名词1个、副词2个），而功能词只有5个。
4． 语篇词汇难度适中，句法结构有一定难度，信息量丰富，篇章结构较复杂。
5． 四个选项一般属于同一词类，相同语义范畴。
6． 跨越句子层次的题占绝大多数，也就是说只读懂设空所在句子便可找到答案的题仅占极少数，大多数选项的答案都要通过段落甚至全文来找到。以2004年浙江高考卷为例，属于句子层次的题目仅为5小题，其余15小题均需要考虑到设空句以外的其他句、段内容，甚至从全文角度来考虑。
7． 另外，近几年高考完形填空题中，近义词或短语的辨析出现的较多。
二、解题技巧
鉴于完形填空题的如此复杂，做此类题时，切不能急于求成，一定要注意对文章的整体理解、逻辑推理或句法分析。
总体上可遵循三步法原则予以应对，即：“粗读—细读—审读”。下面我们以2004年浙江高考卷为例，具体分析完形填空的答题技巧：
“It was all his own idea,” says Pat, the wife of California high school football coach Bob Peters. Bob had 36 made a “motherhood contract (合同)”—declaring that for 70 days this summer he would 37 the care of their four children and all the housework.38 he didn’t even know how to make coffee when he signed, he was very confident.
After 40 of the 70 days, he was ready to 39. “ I was beaten down, “ admits Bob. “Not only is motherhood a 40 task, it is an impossible job for any normal human being.”
Bob and Pat were married in 1991. After they married, Pat 41 a secretary to help put him through university.42 Bob has been the football coach while Pat raised the kids.43 two years ago Pat went back to work. “ I had been44 children so much,” she 45, “I couldn’t talk to a grown-up.” She continued to run the household,46－-- until Bob signed the contract.
Bob tried hard to learn cooking, but the meals he prepared were47. For the last three weeks, the family 48a lot--- sometimes having MacDonald’s hamburgers for lunch and dinner.
49 housekeeping, a home economics teacher had told Bob that a room always looks clean50the bed is made. “ I found51---I shut the doors,” he says. Soon the kids were wearing their shirts inside out. “When we went to52 Pat at work, I made them wear their shirts53side out so they would look clean.”
Now that Bob has publicly 54he was wrong, he is 55 the child-raising and household tasks with Pat.
36. A. only B. just
C. nearly D. ever
37. A. stick to B. set about
C. think about D. take over
38. A. If B. As
C. Since D. Although
39. A. carry on B. give up
C. break down D. find out
40. A. strange B. pleasant
C. difficult D. serious
41. A. sent B. employed
C. learned from D. worked as
42. A. In time B. Before long
C. Since then D. Later on
43. A. Then B. Thus
C. So D. Still
44. A. near B. after
C. about D. around
45. A. insists B. sighs
C. jokes D. apologizes
46. A. besides B. therefore
C. however D. otherwise
47. A. terrible B. tasty
C. expensive D. special
48. A. starved B. traveled
C. worked out D. ate out
49. A. Due to B. As for
C. Along with D. Except for
50. A. until B. before
C. if D. unless
51. A. an easier way B. a cheaper way
C. a cleaner way D. a harder way
52. A. receive B. welcome
C. greet D. fetch
53. A. good B. wrong
C. right D. opposite
54. A. admitted B. suggested
C. agreed D. explained
55. A. operating B. realizing
C. sharing D. performing
技巧一： 重视首句，把握开篇
完形填空一般首句不留空白，是完整的一句。细读此句可以判断文章体裁，预测全文大意和主旨，还可推断文章的时态。读懂首句可以帮助建立正确的思维导向，避免误入歧途，对理解全文起重要的作用。
例 2003 年北京卷完形填空题的首句
I was six when I joined my father and two elder brothers at sunrise in the fields of Eufaula, Okla.
该文叙述了作者幼年的“工作”经历给他的成长过程带来的好处和使他懂得的道理。 而第一句就点明了六岁就开始和父亲、哥哥在田里干活了, 从而直接明确地引入全文的主题。
2004年浙江卷原文是一篇短小的记叙文。讲述丈夫Bob同妻子签了一份协议，宣称要在暑期70天里照看孩子并主管所有家务。40天才过他就承认了家务事的艰难，并开始与妻子分担照看孩子和做家务事了。首句:“It was all his own idea,” says Pat, the wife of California high school football coach Bob Peters. 开门见山地告诉读者“丈夫自愿签了一份协议”，点明了事件，人物及其身份（其两人为夫妻关系，丈夫为一学校足球教练，因此才有70天的假期）。由此可以推断下文应出现“协议的内容，执行的过程和结果。”
技巧二： 粗读全文，掌握大意，关注尾句
根据首句所提供的启示，捕捉文中关键词的词义信息，运用语篇知识和语篇分析方法在整体层面上领悟“残缺的”语篇的大概意思。同时要特别注意段尾句对主题的提示，联想自己已有的与主题思想相关的常识，从而判断文章的背景、体裁、结构、前因后果，体会作者的意图，并以此作为进一步猜测细节内容的依据。如上文中篇首提到Bob had 36 made a “motherhood contract (合同)”—declaring that for 70 days this summer he would 37 the care of their four children and all the housework.而文章的结尾却说：Bob has publicly54 he was wrong, he is55the child-raising and household tasks with Pat.由此可见主人翁Bob前后态度的转变。这就是本文所要表现的主题。
当然，大部分教师在指导学生做完形题时都特别告诫学生：第一遍浏览大意时不要急于答题。其实，在绝大多数情况下，我们在第一遍浏览文章时都会遇到个别自己有100% 正确把握的题目。因此，更为科学的答题方法是边快速浏览文章边答题。唯一值得牢记的是，第一遍看文章所答的题必须是那些有100%正确把握的题，否则就只能一直读下去。这样做有利于我们更加清晰、准确地理解整篇文章。当我们第二遍答题时，未知的东西会更少，解题会更趋容易。比如上文中的第3847485455 在初读时都可以很容易地确定答案。
技巧三：利用所给选项，切不可依赖选项
见空就看选项的方式是考生做题的一大弊病。正确的方法是先由上下文的逻辑关系，推理判断空白处所缺的内容，然后再从选项中寻找该内容所涉及到的词或意思相近的词。这样才能把握全文的脉络，不受错误选项的干扰。
技巧四：细读全文，慎选答案
掌握文章的大意后，再进行逐句分析，瞻前顾后，灵活答题。“瞻前顾后”，即先读所填词的句子，回顾上一句，兼顾下一句。如果一句中有两个空白待填，在初定答案时要“双管齐下”，在两处同时试填，然后通读全句，确定答案。具体可采用以下两种方法：
1. 择优法
根据文章的结构边读边填，一部分能立刻判断最佳答案的，就不必逐个考证其余答案，以节省时间。如：“Not only is motherhood a 40task, it is an impossible job for any normal human being.” 从后半句an impossible job可以看出Bob认为motherhood对于任何人都是很难的。这样就容易选出C. difficult了。
2. 排除法
对于一时难以确定的答案，可按空格位置，从语法结构、上下文意、习惯用法、词义辨析等方面，对选项逐个分析试填。此时，“瞻前顾后”是必要的。如果一句中有两处填空，要“双管齐下”，在两处同时试填，然后通读全句，确定答案 。如：“Soon the kids were wearing their shirts inside out. “When we went to52 Pat at work, I made them wear their shirts53side out so they would look clean.” 从第一句得知，Bob在家忙不过来，只好让孩子们在家时把衣服反穿（即里朝外穿inside out）。下文接着说“当出门时为使衣服显得干净些，那就只能再把衬衫的正面穿在外面了”。而right side（与inside out 相对）正是“衣服正面”之义。再看第52空，他们出去应与Pat有关，而Pat又在上班，若选A. receive B. welcomeC. greet 均不符合常理，fetch 则有“接某人”之义，根据上下文，此句意为“当我们去接上班的Pat时，孩子们就把衣服的正面穿在外面”。符合上下文逻辑，意义也通顺。
3. 逻辑判断法
在个别选题中，其所提供的选项，有的从语法角度进行考虑是正确的，但若从语意上考虑，则会产生矛盾，不合逻辑，此时应着重分析，理解文章和句子语意，对语法无误的几个选项通过逻辑进行判断，直至选出最完善的答案。如第48题：For the last three weeks, the family48a lot. 仅从本句的语法角度和意义上看，选项A. starved B. traveledC. worked out D. ate out 都正确。但若联系下文：sometimes having MacDonald’s hamburgers for lunch and dinner. 就只有D. ate out符合语境了。
技巧五： 先易后难，注重语感
答题时应遵循先易后难原则。对有把握的选项迅速确定，对一时无法把握的选项可先暂且搁置，跳过后继续往下读。切不可因某道题拿不准而冥思苦想，浪费宝贵的时间。待其他选项确定后，再回过头来分析未填的空格，往往这时就较容易看出其中玄机，从而攻克难点。如果对四个备选项都没有把握，可以依据自己的语感，哪个选项放在句子里读起来比较顺畅，就选哪个作为正确答案。
技巧六： 审读全文，反复推敲，调整答案
把选好的答案填入各相应的空格中，通读全文。核查完成后的短文是否意思通顺，前后连贯，结构完整。具体可从以下几方面着手：
1. 检查上下文的一致性：即时态、语态的一致，代词、名词、单复数的一致。如第36空选B. just就与上文所提供的一般过去时在时态上相一致。
2. 检查表达法的习惯性：即习惯用语（inside out, right side out，eat out）、固定搭配(share…with…, work as)、句型词组(since then, as for)是否符合习惯。
3. 检查上下文的连贯性：凭借语感，借助上下文，检查段落与段落，句子与句子之间的衔接是否连贯。复核这一环节至关重要，常常能纠正一两处甚至多处错误。对难以确定的答案，也要凭借语感选一个，决不可不选。
技巧七： 夯实基础知识，提高词汇的辨析能力
完形填空试题是通过干扰词来测试考生是否能排除干扰，作出正确的选择，从而显示出考生综合运用语言的能力。完形填空失分原因之一也是词汇语法知识不扎实。针对这一命题特点以及这几年近义词或短语的辨析在完形填空中出现较多的情况，教师平时应经常提醒学生注意词汇、语法知识的研习和积累，注意所学词汇的准确意义和搭配，多研究近义词或词组的辨析。对英语词汇的学习不能只停留在了解其中文意的基础上，要明确它的内涵和适用语境，要重视它的搭配和一词多义的用法。同时还要强调大量阅读的必要性，通过阅读提高理解语言的能力，增加文化背景知识。
根据以上方法，可得2004浙江卷答案为：36－－40 BDDBC 41--45 DCADB 46--50 CADBC 51--55 ADCAC
总之，要提高完形填空的解题能力，除了掌握以上基本步骤和方法外，还必须增加实践量，不断总结经验，掌握技巧，只有采用这种科学的态度，才能提高解题的准确性，达到事半功倍的效果。
三、巩固练习
阅读下面短文, 掌握其大意, 然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。(共20小题, 每小题1. 5分, 满分30分)
The word employment is one of the most 36＿＿＿words in the English language. It＿＿37＿＿to a social problem＿＿38＿＿effects can be harmful. Almost a century ago, Pope Leo XIII said, “Among the purposes a society should arrange＿＿39＿＿continuous supply of work＿＿40＿＿all times and seasons. ”It is easy to see why society should be worried about the＿＿41＿＿. They become miserable, suffer＿＿42＿＿of self-respect and social position, and their families are possible to break＿＿43＿＿. Sometimes they are＿＿44＿＿toward crime(犯罪); often they feel terrible disappointment. Their children suffer too. Indeed, perhaps the worst effects of unemployment are＿＿ 45＿＿children,whose education, health, and safety may be＿＿46＿＿.After a few minutes’＿＿47＿＿, most people would agree that in this or any other country, every citizen who is able and willing to work should be able to get a job. We are not saying that all employment,＿＿48＿＿its causes or nature, should be＿＿49＿＿out. For example, some unemployment may be＿＿50＿＿choice. According to the U.S. government, any person 16 years old or more＿＿51＿＿does not have a job and is looking for one is unemployed. Since this saying is necessary quite＿＿52＿＿, it is important that we know different kinds of unemployment.
Some people give＿＿53＿＿their jobs and look for something better. They may get angry at their bosses, or they may feel that they can get more money＿＿54＿＿. Others, particularly ex-students, are looking for their first jobs. Still others are out of jobs temporarily (暂时)because their work is＿＿55＿＿,as in the construction industry.
36.A. frightening B. frightened
C. useless D. useful
37.A. means B. refers
C. talks D. says
38.A. which B. that C. whom D. whose
39.A. to B. for
C. in D. through
40.A. on B. in
C. at D. by
41.A. bad B. unlucky
C. unemployed D. old
42.A. rid B. loss C. lose D. fall
43.A. apart B. away
C. out D. off
44.A. asked B. ordered
C. pushed D. told
45.A. on B. in
C. inside D. by
46.A. enjoyed B. suffered
C. divided D. destroyed
47.A. discussion B. talk
C. thought D. rest
48.A. whenever B. whatever
C. whichever D. whoever
49.A. given B. cut
C. left D. wiped
50.A. own B. oneself
C. personal D. one’s
51.A. what B. who
C. which D. whom
52.A. tired B. bad
C. inactive D. unclear
53.A. off B. up
C. in D. away
54.A. wherever B. nowhere
C. anywhere D. elsewhere
55.A. seasonal B. seasoning
C. seasonally D. seasonable
key
36-40 ABDBC 41-45 CBACA
46-50 DCBDC 51-55 BDBDA