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肝硬化患者发生门静脉血栓形成(PVT)的危险性很高,这是由于肝硬化特殊的血液动力学改变或可能由于并存的肝细胞癌(HCC)所致。带有脉冲多普勒测流仪的超声检查是当前影像学技术诊断PVT普遍接受的方法。但是该技术并不能确诊PVT的病因(肿瘤性或非肿瘤性)。在合并PVT的患者中,用侵入性(血管造影)或非侵入性(CT、MRI)的技术至多只能作出推定性的诊断。PVT的精确病因影响伴HCC肝硬化患者短期的预后和治疗计划的制定。PVT可能是HCC,特别是弥漫型癌存在的唯一迹象。
Patients with cirrhosis have a high risk of portal vein thrombosis (PVT) due to specific hemodynamic changes in cirrhosis or may be due to co-existing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Ultrasonography with a pulsed Doppler current meter is a commonly accepted method for diagnosing PVT by current imaging techniques. However, this technique does not confirm the cause of PVT (neoplastic or non-neoplastic). In patients with PVT, at best, presumptive diagnosis can only be made with invasive (angiographic) or noninvasive (CT, MRI) techniques. The precise etiology of PVT affects the short-term prognosis and treatment planning for patients with HCC cirrhosis. PVT may be the only sign of HCC, especially diffuse carcinomas.