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百年以来困扰中国大陆的“富强”问题还没有完全解决的时候,“文明”的问题就已经提前到来。一旦上升到“文明”的层面,“中华人民共和国”自身的正当性就需要文化的解释。“中华”并不是一个民族,而是多个民族,大多数西方人在单数的民族与国家之间形成对应而结合为“民族—国家”的方式在中国并不适用;尽管这样,在民族—国家为单元的世界体系中,“中华”不得不以“民族”的方式被表述,但中华民族在什么意义上是中华民族,则又不能不从超越民族的文化维度去界定。这样一来,似乎只有儒家思想可以提供对“中华”的文化解释,不仅如此,儒家思想对“人”与“民”的区分,也可给“人民共和国”的自我理解,提供另类可能性。
The problem of “civilization ” has come ahead of schedule when the issue of “prosperity ” that has plagued mainland China for centuries has not yet been completely solved. Once it has risen to the level of “civilization,” “the People’s Republic of China” needs its own legitimacy to be culturally interpreted. “China ” is not a nation, but a multitude of peoples, most Westerners in the singular form of national and state correspondence and combined as “national - state ” approach does not apply in China; despite this In the national system of the nation as the unit, “China ” has to be expressed as “national ”, but in what sense the Chinese nation is the Chinese nation, can not but from the transcendental culture Dimension to define. As a result, it seems that only Confucianism can provide a cultural explanation for “China”. Moreover, the distinction between “people” and “people” in Confucianism can also be given to “People’s Republic of China” Self-understanding, providing alternative possibilities.