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哮喘是以气道阻塞为特征的综合征,症状可自行消失或经用支气管扩张药而缓解。人群发生率约为2～5％,大多数病人的气道对化学物质,药物和物理刺激(例如在呼吸道内使用器械操作)的反应增强。哮喘病人因气流阻塞导致肺容量,气流最大速度和胸壁力学的改变,并伴有通气与血流分布的变化,严重时可出现低氧与二氧化碳蓄积和影响心血管功能。因此,必须重视哮喘病人围术期的处理。一、实验室检查 (一) 肺功能试验:呼吸量测定法(Spirometry)能判断气道疾病、气道收缩的可逆程度以及气道对药物的反应性程度,且简单、有效。了解气道缩窄程度常用的方法为
Asthma is a syndrome characterized by obstruction of the airways, with symptoms either disappearing on their own or relieved with bronchodilators. The incidence of the population is about 2 to 5%. Most patients’ airways respond more to chemicals, drugs and physical stimuli, such as the use of instrumentation in the respiratory tract. Asthma patients due to airflow obstruction led to changes in lung capacity, maximum airflow velocity and chest wall mechanics, accompanied by changes in ventilation and blood flow distribution, severe hypoxia and carbon dioxide accumulation and may affect cardiovascular function. Therefore, we must pay attention to the perioperative treatment of asthma patients. First, laboratory tests (A) pulmonary function tests: Spirometry (Spirometry) can determine airway disease, reversibility of airway contraction and airway responsiveness to drugs, and simple and effective. To understand the degree of airway narrowing method is commonly used