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探讨p21与p53基因在甲状腺癌中的表达与病理类型和分化程度的关系。应用免疫组化技术检测甲状腺癌组织中的抑癌基因p21及p53的表达。统计学采用X~2检验。结果:甲状腺乳头状癌(PTC)、滤泡状癌(FTC)、未分化癌(UDC)组织p21蛋白阳性率分别为66.7%、62.5%、58.3%、50%,各组之间无显著差别(P>0.05);高分化癌(WDC)、低分化癌(PDC)、UDC组织p21蛋白阳性率分别为67.7%、46.2%、50%,各组之间无显著差别(P>0.05);PTC、FTC、UDC组织p53蛋白阳性率分别为31.3%、25%、64.3%,UDC与PTC、FTC之间存在显著差别(P<0.05);WDC、PDC、UDC组织p53蛋白阳性率分别为16.1%、61.5%、64.3%,WDC的阳性率明显低于PDC、UDC(P<0.05);p53蛋白阳性的癌组织p21蛋白阳性率为40.9%(9/22),p53蛋白阴性的癌组织p21蛋白阳性率为69.4%(25/36),两者之间存在显著差异(P<0.05)。结论:甲状腺癌中p21的表达与其病理类型和分化程度无关,而p53表达与甲状腺癌病理类型和分化程度有关,p21作为一新的抑癌基因,其表达相当程度上依赖于p53蛋白。
To investigate the relationship between the expression of p21 and p53 in thyroid carcinoma and the pathological type and degree of differentiation. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of tumor suppressor genes p21 and p53 in thyroid cancer. Statistics using X ~ 2 test. Results: The positive rates of p21 protein in thyroid papillary carcinoma (PTC), follicular carcinoma (FTC) and undifferentiated carcinoma (UDC) tissues were 66.7%, 62.5%, 58.3% and 50% respectively. There was no significant difference between the groups (P> 0.05). The positive rate of p21 protein in well - differentiated cancer (WDC), poorly differentiated cancer (PDC) and UDC tissues was 67.7%, 46.2% and 50% respectively. There was no significant difference between the two groups (P> 0.05) The positive rates of p53 protein in PTC, FTC and UDC tissues were 31.3%, 25% and 64.3%, respectively. There was a significant difference between UDC and PTC and FTC (P <0.05). The positive rates of p53 protein in WDC, PDC and UDC tissues were 16.1 The positive rate of WDC was significantly lower than that of PDC and UDC (P <0.05). The positive rate of p21 protein in p53 protein positive tissues was 40.9% (9/22), and the positive rate of p53 protein negative tissues p21 The protein positive rate was 69.4% (25/36), there was a significant difference between the two (P <0.05). Conclusion: The expression of p21 in thyroid carcinoma has nothing to do with the pathological type and degree of differentiation. The expression of p53 is related to the pathological type and differentiation degree of thyroid carcinoma. As a new tumor suppressor gene, p21 is dependent on p53 protein.