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为了探讨~(60)Co-γ不同剂量辐射对云南优质籼稻品种主要农艺性状的影响,为水稻辐射诱变育种提供依据。以云南特优香软米品种‘滇屯502’为供试材料,采用100、200、300、380 Gy 4个等级的~(60)Co-γ辐射剂量对成熟干种子进行辐射处理,研究~(60)Co-γ辐射对该品种主要农艺性状的影响。结果表明:~(60)Co-γ不同剂量辐射后,‘滇屯502’M1群体的株高、分蘖数、粒长、粒宽、穗长、千粒重和结实率表现差异极显著;相关性分析表明,300 Gy~(60)Co-γ辐射剂量与粒长(R=-0.323**)、结实率(R=-0.309**)呈极显著负相关。变异系数比较分析表明:当辐射剂量为300 Gy时,水稻M1群体的株高、分蘖、粒长、粒宽4个性状的变异系数较大,分别为21.05%、38.34%、3.15%、3.62%。由此可见,~(60)Co-γ辐射对水稻的诱变效果明显,且当辐射剂量为300 Gy时,对供试材料‘滇屯502’的诱变效果最适合。
In order to investigate the effect of different doses of ~ (60) Co-γ radiation on the main agronomic traits of high quality indica rice varieties in Yunnan, the study provided the basis for radiation induced mutation breeding in rice. Taking Yunnan province Youyouxiang soft rice variety ’Diantun 502’ as the test material, the mature dry seeds were treated with 100, 200, 300, and 380 Gy of 4 grades of ~ (60) Co-γ radiation, (60) Co-γ radiation on the main agronomic traits of the variety. The results showed that there was significant difference in the plant height, tiller number, grain length, grain width, spike length, 1000-grain weight and seed setting rate of 502’M1 population in Diantun after irradiation with different dosages of ~ (60) Co- The results showed that there was a significant negative correlation between dose of 300 Gy ~ (60) Co-γ radiation and grain length (R = -0.323 **) and seed set rate (R = -0.309 **). The comparative analysis of variation coefficient showed that the coefficient of variation of four traits of rice M1 population was 21.05%, 38.34%, 3.15% and 3.62% when the radiation dose was 300 Gy, respectively. . Thus, the mutagenic effect of ~ (60) Co-γ radiation on rice was obvious, and when the radiation dose was 300 Gy, the mutagenic effect on the tested material ’Yunnan 525’ was the most suitable.