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众所周知,人类从狩猎经济发展到游牧养畜业,经历了一个漫长的历史过程,而在此漫长的历史过程中,狩猎对古代的游牧民族的经济生活曾起过举足轻重的作用.同样,畜牧业产生并得到发展以前,哈萨克人民的经济生活也主要赖于狩猎业.哈萨克的狩猎分为单人出猎,双人行猎和集体围猎,而哈萨克人的狩猎目的有以下五个方而:(1)猎捕水獭、貂、猞俐、狐狸、沙狐等物,获得各种珍贵的兽皮;(2)猎捕大头羊、黄羊、野马、野鸭、野鸡等可增加肉食;(3)猎捕鹿、羚羊等获得贵重药材;(4)捕杀熊、虎、狼和野猪等可保护牲畜;(5)通过狩猎也可达到取乐解闷、锻炼身体的目的.同时,勤劳勇敢的哈萨克族人民在长期与野兽搏斗中积累了不少行之有效的丰富经验和狩猎方法,如挖陷井、安放捕兽夹子、挂捕兽网、装自动弓箭、挂各种套绳、射箭、用快马、猎犬和驯养各种猛禽捕猎野兽等,从而提高了他们捕捉野兽,除害保畜的效益.其中驯养各种猛禽捕猎野兽和飞禽,是哈萨克族人民狩猎术中不可缺少而且最富有民族特色的一个组成部分.本文试就哈萨克族的鹰猎做一粗浅的探讨,望大家指教.
It is well-known that hunting has experienced a long historical process from the development of hunting economy to nomadic livestock farming. In this long history, hunting has played an important role in the economic life of ancient nomadic peoples. Similarly, animal husbandry Before the birth and development of the people, the economic life of the Kazakh people mainly depends on the hunting industry. The hunting in Kazakhstan is divided into single hunting, double hunting and collective hunt. The purpose of the hunting of Kazakh people includes the following five aspects: (1) Hunting (2) catching big sheep, yellow sheep, wild horses, mallard ducks, pheasants, etc. can increase the meat; (3) hunting deer , Antelope and other valuable medicinal materials; (4) kill bears, tigers, wolves and wild boar and other livestock can be protected; (5) through hunting can also be fun to get rid of boredom, exercise the purpose of the same time, industrious and brave Kazakh people in the long term Beast wrestling has accumulated a lot of effective experience and hunting methods, such as digging traps, placing beast clip, hanging cat network, equipped with automatic bow and arrow, hanging all kinds of ropes, archery, with fast horses, hounds and Domesticated a variety of birds of prey capture Hunting beasts and so on, thereby enhancing their efficiency in catching beasts, removing pests and keeping livestock, and domesticating various kinds of birds of prey to hunt beasts and birds is an indispensable part of the hunting for Kazakh people and one of the richest national features. Kazakh falconry to do a superficial discussion, hope you enlighten.