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目的了解黑龙江省高寒环境膳食模式及其特点和变化趋势。方法分别对高寒环境对能量和营养代谢的需求以及黑龙江省2010年居民营养状况调查数据进行分析比较。结果黑龙江居民营养状况调查结果与膳食指南要求相比,存在脂类摄入较多,优质蛋白摄入不足等问题,但与高寒地区居民营养需求量相比,尚在合理范围甚至略有不足。结论膳食模式是人们为适应外界环境而逐渐形成的保护性膳食结构,随着影响膳食结构的因素而逐渐变化,可以通过均衡各类食物所占的比重,向更利于健康的方向发展。
Objective To understand the alpine environment diet pattern and its characteristics and trends in Heilongjiang Province. Methods The demand for energy and nutrient metabolism in the alpine environment and the survey data of residents’ nutritional status in Heilongjiang Province in 2010 were analyzed and compared respectively. Results Compared with the dietary guidelines, the results of the survey on nutritional status of residents in Heilongjiang Province showed that there were more problems such as more lipid intake and inadequate intake of high-quality protein. However, compared with the nutritional requirements of residents in the alpine region, the nutritional status of residents in Heilongjiang Province was still within a reasonable range or even slightly inadequate. Conclusion Diet pattern is a protective dietary structure gradually formed by people to adapt to the external environment. Gradually changing with the factors that affect the diet structure, it can be more health-oriented by balancing the proportion of various types of food.