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入世之前,中国与其他国家的贸易争端只能采用单边贸易报复措施和外交谈判手段解决问题。入世之后,和其他WTO成员一样,中国将可以诉诸争端解决机制(DSB,Dispute Settlement Body)维护自身利益——用老百姓的话讲,就是可以去WTO打官司要个说法了。关于DSB的作用,有专家指出,“对一个为适应现今纷繁复杂国际关系中的经济问题和促进国家之间合作而建立的条约体系而言,争端解决机制尤为重要。争端解决程序增加了条约的有效性,提高了规则导向系统的可预见性和效力,避免WTO协议像其他一些国际规则那样失于软弱无力。”既然DSB对捍卫WTO成果如此重要,其游戏规则究竟如何?根据WTO的《争端解决规则和程序的谅解》(DSU),如果两个成员发生争端,应首先磋商解决。磋商未成,申诉方可以要求DSB成立一个专家小组,除非DSB一致决定不设立专家组,则专家组必须设
Before China’s accession to the WTO, the trade dispute between China and other countries can only be solved through unilateral trade retaliation and diplomatic negotiation. After China’s accession to the WTO, China, like other WTO members, will be able to resort to the Dispute Settlement Body (DSB) to safeguard its own interests. In the words of ordinary people, it is possible to go to WTO to sue for justice. Regarding the role of the DSB, some experts pointed out that “dispute settlement mechanisms are particularly important for a treaty system that is built to meet the economic problems in today’s complicated and complex international relations and promote cooperation among nations.” The dispute settlement process adds a treaty And enhances the predictability and effectiveness of rule-based systems and avoids the WTO agreement as weak as some other international rules. “Given the importance of the DSB in defending the WTO’s results, what is the rules of the game? According to WTO The ”Understanding of Dispute Settlement Rules and Procedures" (DSU) should first be negotiated if there is a dispute between the two members. If the consultations are not completed, the claimant may ask the DSB to set up an expert panel unless the DSB has unanimously decided not to create the panel, the panel must have