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目的了解北京市生活饮用水及家用净水设备出水中挥发性有机物的水平。方法于2015年4月15—20日,在北京市城区采集96户家庭的自来水及其中24户家庭的净水设备出水共120份水样,用吹脱捕集/气相色谱质谱法检测样品中60种挥发性有机物的浓度。结果 27种有标准限值的挥发性有机物均未超标。市政供水、二次供水中60种挥发性有机物的浓度间没有明显差异。以井水作为水源水的生活饮用水中消毒副产物三氯甲烷、一氯二溴甲烷、二氯一溴甲烷的浓度明显低于市政供水和二次供水。净水设备出水中的三氯甲烷、一氯二溴甲烷、二氯一溴甲烷也低于市政供水和二次供水,但二氯甲烷、1,2-二氯乙烷、氯苯和异丙苯的浓度却高于市政供水和二次供水。结论北京市市政供水和二次供水的生活饮用水的水质较好;井水作为水源水需加强消毒;净水设备使用不当会带来新的污染。
Objective To understand the level of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in drinking water and household water purification equipment in Beijing. Methods A total of 120 water samples from tap water of 96 households and water purification equipment of 24 households were collected in the urban area of Beijing from April 15 to April 20, 2015. Samples were detected by stripping / gas chromatography-mass spectrometry 60 volatile organic compounds concentration. Results 27 kinds of standard limit of volatile organic compounds were not exceeded. Municipal water supply, secondary water supply of 60 volatile organic compounds concentration was no significant difference. The concentrations of trichloromethane, chlorodibromomethane and dichlorobromomethane as disinfection byproducts in domestic drinking water with well water as source water were significantly lower than those of municipal water supply and secondary water supply. Chloroform, chlorodibromomethane and dichlorobromomethane in the effluent of the water purification equipment are also lower than municipal and secondary water supplies, but dichloromethane, 1,2-dichloroethane, chlorobenzene and cumene Concentration is higher than the municipal water supply and secondary water supply. Conclusions The quality of drinking water for municipal water supply and secondary water supply in Beijing is better. Well water as a source of water needs to be sterilized. Improper use of water purification equipment will bring about new pollution.