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目的:了解社会支持对妇女妊娠期的影响,以减轻她们的心理负担,引导孕妇顺利度过妊娠期。方法:采用肖水源编制的《社会支持量表》,对孕妇的社会支持状况进行调查。结果:①不同年龄的孕妇在主观支持上有显著差异;有无既往妊娠史在总社会支持、主观支持上有显著差异;不同家庭月收入在总社会支持、客观支持、对支持的利用度上均有显著的差异;有无既往病史在对支持的利用度上有显著差异;不同孕周的孕妇在客观支持上有显著差异。②孕妇年龄与主观支持相关;既往妊娠史与总社会支持、主观支持显著相关;家庭月收入与总社会支持、客观支持、对支持的利用度显著相关;孕周与客观支持呈显著负相关。结论:在孕期保健工作中,要针对不同个体及时给予孕期知识指导,解决心理、生理问题,提高社会支持的利用度,使孕妇顺利度过妊娠期。
Objectives: To understand the impact of social support on women during pregnancy, in order to reduce their psychological burden and guide pregnant women through pregnancy successfully. Methods: The “social support scale” prepared by Xiao Shuiyuan was used to investigate the status of pregnant women’s social support. Results: (1) There were significant differences in subjective support among pregnant women of different ages. There was a significant difference in the total social support and subjective support of past pregnancy history. The monthly income of different families was significantly lower than that of total social support, objective support and supportive utilization There was a significant difference between the two groups. There was a significant difference in the utilization of support between the past medical history and the pregnant women in different gestational age. The age of pregnant women was related to subjective support. The history of previous pregnancy was significantly associated with total social support and subjective support. The family monthly income was significantly correlated with total social support, objective support, and utilization of support. Pregnancy was negatively correlated with objective support. Conclusion: During pregnancy health care, different individuals should be given timely guidance of knowledge during pregnancy to resolve psychological and physical problems, improve the utilization of social support so that pregnant women successfully passed the pregnancy.