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1.引言模拟构件实际工作条件下高温循环热应变疲劳试验中精确控制机械应变及热应变是一个关键问题,必须对试样和引伸计进行精心设计。高温构件如航空发动机涡轮叶片一般由镍基高温合金制成,工作温度为700-1000℃,核动力厂用铁素体和奥氏体钢制造喷嘴或冷却环,工作温度为500-600℃,民用柴油机活塞与气缸由铝合金及铸铁制成,工作温度约300℃。上述构件在服役条件下由于快速热传递都将产生循环塑性应变。此外,构件在运行中还有一定停留期而导致蠕变损伤。本文拟介绍近年来国外有关
1. INTRODUCTION Precise control of mechanical strain and thermal strain in high-temperature cyclic thermal strain fatigue test of simulated components under actual working conditions is a key issue. Specimens and extensometers must be carefully designed. High-temperature components such as aero-engine turbine blades are generally made of nickel-base superalloy, working temperature is 700-1000 ℃, nuclear power plant ferrite and austenitic steel nozzle or cooling ring, the working temperature is 500-600 ℃, Civil diesel piston and cylinder made of aluminum and cast iron, the working temperature of about 300 ℃. The above components will produce cyclic plastic strain due to rapid heat transfer under service conditions. In addition, the components in the operation there is a certain period of stay leading to creep damage. This article intends to introduce foreign related in recent years