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本文首先总结了厦门推进公共服务均等化的五项成就:即市区利益共享、风险共担的财政保障体制基本形成;统一的义务教育机会均等化程度逐步提高;统一的基本医疗保险覆盖全民和公共卫生体系初步建成;社会保障均等化程度走在全国前列,统一的社会保障体系逐步形成;统一的公共基础设施建设日臻完备。接着对厦门推进公共服务均等化的经验进行了总结:即以统一制度为起点,推进基本公共服务的均等化水平;以完善财政体制为抓手,科学划分各级政府的财权和事权;以调整财政支出结构为重点,建立以改善民生为导向的财政支出结构;以财政转移支付为手段,解决市区两级间的基本公共服务非均等化;以公民参与和立法为保障,建立以绩效指标体系为依据的公共服务监督激励机制。以期让民众对厦门市委市政府推进公共服务均等化所做的努力和思路有所了解,同时为接下来厦门进一步推进公共服务均等化提供经验和启示。
This article first summarizes the five achievements of Xiamen in promoting the equalization of public services: that is, the financial security system of sharing benefits and sharing risks in urban areas has basically taken shape; the equalization of opportunities for unified education has gradually increased; the unified basic medical insurance covers all citizens and The public health system was initially established; the equalization of social security took the lead in the country and a unified social security system was gradually formed; and the construction of a unified public infrastructure was getting more and more complete. Then it summarizes the experience of Xiamen in promoting equalization of public services: starting from a unified system, promoting the equalization of basic public services; taking the improvement of the financial system as the starting point, scientifically dividing the financial rights and powers of governments at all levels; Financial expenditure structure as the focus, the establishment of improving the people’s livelihood-oriented structure of the financial expenditure; financial transfer payments as a means to address the basic urban services between the two levels of public service inequality; Citizen participation and legislation as the protection, the establishment of performance indicators System based on public service supervision incentive mechanism. With a view to letting people know something about the efforts and ideas of Xiamen municipal government to promote the equalization of public services and at the same time provide experiences and enlightenment for Xiamen to further promote the equalization of public services.