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一、提取P波的必要性及其难度:心房波的有无及其形态,以及心房波与心室波间距(即P—R间距)的大小及其变化,也就是说P波在心电图中的有无及其相对位置对心律不齐的诊断极为重要.但体表心电图之P波由于测试点不易靠近心房,故其幅度远小于R波,而在心律不齐病例中P波相对位置不固定,而且常被淹没在R波或T波之中,造成诊断上的困难.因食道靠近心房,故食道P波幅度远大于体表P波,因而有利于心电图的临床诊断.但是单极食道心电图的QRS波幅度往往远大于P波,而且由于受食道蠕动等可能因素的影响,造成单极食道心电图基线漂移很大,且波形复杂,仍不能满足临床诊断的需要,特别是不适于计算机自动识别、测量,因而难于
First, the necessity and difficulty of extracting P wave: the presence and absence of atrial wave and its morphology, as well as the atrial and ventricular wave spacing (ie, P-R spacing) size and change, that P wave in the electrocardiogram Whether or not the relative position of the arrhythmia diagnosis is extremely important.But the surface ECG P wave as the test point is not easy to close the atrium, so the amplitude is much smaller than the R wave, and in the case of arrhythmia P wave relative position is not fixed , And often submerged in the R wave or T wave, resulting in diagnostic difficulties.As the esophagus near the atrium, so the esophageal P-wave amplitude is much larger than the body surface P wave, which is conducive to the clinical diagnosis of ECG.However, monopolar esophageal electrocardiogram Of the QRS amplitude is often much larger than the P wave, and due to the influence of possible factors such as the peristalsis of the esophagus, resulting in monopolar esophageal baseline drift is large, and the waveform is complex, still can not meet the needs of clinical diagnosis, especially not suitable for automatic computer identification , So difficult to measure