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目的分析2006—2012年舟山海岛地区0~12岁儿童血铅水平,为本地区儿童铅中毒防治工作提供科学依据。方法收集2006年1月至2012年12月在舟山市妇幼保健院儿保门诊体检的0~12岁儿童13 316例血铅资料,分为婴儿组(<1岁)、幼儿组(1~3岁)、学龄前组(3~6岁)、学龄组(6~12岁),采用原子吸收光谱法测定血铅含量。结果0~12岁儿童血铅算术平均数为50.77μg/L;血铅≥100μg/L者228例,占调查人数的1.71%。儿童血铅水平及高血铅率随着年龄的增加而上升,不同年龄组间差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05);除婴儿组外,男童血铅水平明显高于女童(P值均<0.05);2006—2012年儿童血铅水平及高血铅率逐年下降,年份间差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.01)。结论舟山海岛地区儿童铅中毒率相对较低。通过开展血铅水平定期监测及加强宣传教育,可降低儿童血铅平均水平和铅中毒率。
Objective To analyze the blood lead levels of children aged 0 ~ 12 years in Zhoushan island area from 2006 to 2012, and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of lead poisoning in children in this area. Methods Blood samples were collected from 13 316 children aged 0-12 years from January 2006 to December 2012 at Zhoushan Maternal and Child Health Care Center and were divided into three groups: infants (<1 year), infants (1-3) Years old), preschool age group (3 ~ 6 years old), and school age group (6 ~ 12 years old). Blood lead levels were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. Results The average blood lead level of children aged 0 ~ 12 years was 50.77μg / L; 228 cases of blood lead level ≥100μg / L, accounting for 1.71% of the surveyed population. The levels of blood lead and blood lead in children increased with the increase of age, and the differences among different age groups were statistically significant (P <0.05). The blood lead level of boys except infants was significantly higher than that of girls P <0.05). The levels of blood lead and high blood lead in children from 2006 to 2012 decreased year by year, with significant differences between years (P <0.01). Conclusion Zhoushan Island children lead poisoning rate is relatively low. Regular monitoring of blood lead level and strengthening publicity and education can reduce the average level of blood lead and lead poisoning in children.