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目的对合肥市庐阳区高血压出院患者进行社区干预,并对干预效果做出评价。方法筛选出庐阳区665名高血压出院患者,分为干预组与对照组,对干预组患者实施高血压及相关危险因素包括吸烟、饮酒的健康教育,通过比较干预组与对照组患者干预前血压控制效果及不良行为的改变效果对干预结果进行评估。结果干预后高血压治疗率、血压控制达标率、BMI指数分别由干预前的48.67%、36.67%、37.33%增加到干预后的58.33%、71.67%、53.33%;干预组患者的平均收缩压及舒张压由干预前的(138.80±13.68)mm Hg、(85.88±11.32)mm Hg,降低至(132.09±10.48)mm Hg、(82.14±8.42)mm Hg,差异均有统计学意义(均有P<0.05);干预组患者的吸烟率、饮酒率从干预前的25.33%、16.67%,下降至干预后的16.33%、9.33%,干预组患者合理运动率、低盐饮食率由干预前38.33%、11.67%增加至50.67%、19.33%。结论对出院患者实施一年的社区干预可有效提高患者知晓率,提高患者血压控制率,降低血压水平,改善患者生活质量。
Objective To carry out community intervention in patients with hypertension discharged from Luyang District in Hefei City and evaluate the effect of intervention. Methods A total of 665 hypertensive discharged patients in Luyang District were selected and divided into intervention group and control group. The intervention group was given health education on hypertension and related risk factors including smoking and alcohol consumption. By comparing the blood pressure before intervention in intervention group and control group Control effects and adverse effects of changes in the results of interventions to assess. Results After intervention, the treatment rates of hypertension, compliance rate of blood pressure control and BMI index increased from 48.67%, 36.67% and 37.33% before intervention to 58.33%, 71.67% and 53.33% respectively after intervention. Mean systolic blood pressure The diastolic blood pressure decreased from (138.80 ± 13.68) mm Hg and (85.88 ± 11.32) mm Hg before intervention to (132.09 ± 10.48) mm Hg and (82.14 ± 8.42) mm Hg, respectively <0.05). The smoking rate and drinking rate in intervention group decreased from 25.33% and 16.67% before intervention to 16.33% and 9.33% after intervention, respectively. The exercise rate of low-salt diet increased from 38.33% , 11.67% to 50.67% and 19.33% respectively. Conclusion One year of community intervention in discharge patients can effectively improve the awareness of patients, increase the rate of blood pressure control, lower the blood pressure and improve the quality of life of patients.