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通过野外露头的观察和室内样品的镜下鉴定,运用沉积学和岩石学的研究方法,并借鉴前人的研究成果,分析了黔中地区下寒武统牛蹄塘组的沉积特征。结果表明,研究区牛蹄塘组发育硅质岩、黑色页岩、泥质粉砂岩、粉砂质泥页岩四种主要的岩相。牛蹄塘组根据岩相和沉积相特征可分为上下两段,下段主要由黑色碳质泥页岩和黑色硅质页岩构成,属深水陆棚沉积;上段主要为黑色泥页岩,向上变粗,颜色逐渐变浅,属浅水陆棚沉积。
Through the outcrop observation in the field and the microscopic identification of indoor samples, sedimentary and petrological research methods and the previous research results were used to analyze the sedimentary characteristics of the Lower Niuzitang Formation in central Guizhou. The results show that there are four major lithofacies of Niutitang Formation in the study area: siliceous rock, black shale, muddy siltstone and silty shale. The Niutitang Formation can be divided into upper and lower sections according to lithofacies and sedimentary facies features. The lower section is mainly composed of black carbonaceous shale and black siliceous shale, which belongs to the deep continental shelf sediment. The upper part is mainly composed of black mud shale, Coarsening, gradually lighter colors, is a shallow water shelf deposition.