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本文拟从中国历代刑法的名称及字形,音义方面的发展变化作简略的探讨。中国最早的法律产生于黄帝时代,名曰《李法》或《理法》。《汉书·胡建传》:“黄帝理法曰:壁垒已定,穿(?)不由路,是谓奸人,奸人者杀。”从其内容看就是惩罚犯罪的法律。唐、虞时代的刑法名称,根据《尚书·舜典》:“慎徽五典,五典克从”;“修五礼”;“汝作土”。《尚书·吕刑》:“率义于民棐(音匪)彝(音移)。”的记载,可见唐虞刑法的名称有“五典”、“五礼”、“士”和“彝”。
This article intends to briefly discuss the development of the criminal law in ancient China from the perspective of its name, shape and sound and meaning. The earliest law in China originated in the Yellow Emperor era, the name is “Li Fa” or “law.” “Han Hu Jian Chuan”: “The Yellow Emperor Li said: the barriers have been set, wear (?) Not by the road, is that profiteers, traitors kill.” From its content is to punish the law of crime. Tang, Yu’s criminal law name, according to the “Book of Shun Code”: “Shen emblem Five Code, five Code grams from”; “five etiquette”; “Ru make earth.” “Shang Shu Lu punishment”: “the rate of justice in the Minyin (sound bandits) Yi (sound shift).” The records show Tang Yu criminal law the name of “five codes”, “five rites,” “Shi” and “Yi ”.