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锌缺乏可以影响淋巴器官的生长发育，使胸腺素的水平及活力下降，通过影响核苷磷酸化酶、核糖核酸还原酶、PKC等锌依赖酶活力而影响T、B淋巴细胞的增殖，缺锌使IL－2的产生及T淋巴细胞对IL－2反应降低，使淋巴细胞IL－2高度亲合受体表达降低。锌参与某些锌指结构，对B细胞的增殖分化起调控作用。锌可使NK细胞数量减少，活力下降，可抑制单核细胞吞噬、游走、杀真菌活力。锌过量可破坏机体微量元素之间的平衡，改变细胞膜结构和功能等，进而影响机体的免疫功能。
Zinc deficiency can affect the growth and development of lymphoid organs, the thymosin levels and vitality decreased by affecting the nucleoside phosphorylase, ribonucleic acid reductase, PKC and other zinc-dependent enzyme activity affecting T, B lymphocyte proliferation, zinc deficiency IL-2 production and T lymphocytes response to IL-2 decreased, so that lymphocyte IL-2 high affinity receptor expression decreased. Zinc participates in certain zinc finger structures and regulates the proliferation and differentiation of B cells. Zinc can reduce the number of NK cells, decreased vitality, monocytes can inhibit phagocytosis, migration, fungicidal activity. Zinc overdose can destroy the balance between the body trace elements, change the cell membrane structure and function, and thus affect the body’s immune function.