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原苏东国家向市场经济的转轨已近20年。这场规模宏大的制度变迁到底带来了怎样的经济效果?本文从体制变革进展、经济增长与收入分配状况三个方面比较研究了原苏东国家的转轨实践,得出结论:体制变革速度与经济发展实效之间,一方面存在后发赶超优势,即转轨速度慢的国家尽管摆脱转轨衰退的时间晚,但中期增长速度加快,甚至普遍超越转轨速度快的国家;另一方面,体制转换速度与收入分配状况并无实质关联。
The transition from the former Soviet Union and eastern countries to the market economy has been going on for nearly 20 years. What kind of economic effect will this large-scale institutional change bring about in the end? This paper compares the transitional practice of the former Soviet Union and Eastern Europe from three aspects: the progress of system reform, economic growth and income distribution, and concludes that the speed of system reform and The actual effect of economic development, on the one hand, possesses the advantage of catching up and catching up afterwards. That is to say, the countries that are slow in transition will get faster in the medium-term and even exceed the countries with rapid transition in spite of getting out of the transitional recession late. On the other hand, There is no real correlation between speed and income distribution.