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人口持续增加和人类社会发展对野生动植物及其生境产生了巨大的威胁,科研人员从物种多样性维持机制、致危原因、就地保护和迁地保护等多方面开展了大量探索和研究工作,事实证明建立自然保护区是生物多样性保护最有效的途径之一。文中从自然保护区选址和规划设计2个角度,介绍了生物多样性地理分布格局、岛屿生物地理学和集合种群等相关理论,整理和总结了自然保护区选址和规划设计等方面的研究进展,分析了当前自然保护区选址和规划设计中的前沿和可能存在的问题,并对其未来可能的发展方向进行了探讨,以期为我国自然保护区选址和建设的研究和实践提供参考。
The continuous increase of population and the development of human society pose a huge threat to wildlife and their habitats. Researchers have conducted a great deal of exploration and research work on the mechanism of species diversity, the causes of endangerment, in-situ conservation and ex-situ conservation It has been proved that the establishment of nature reserves is one of the most effective ways of biodiversity conservation. In this paper, from the perspectives of site selection and planning and design of nature reserves, the related theories of geographic distribution of biodiversity, island biogeography and collective population are introduced, and the research on site selection and planning and design of nature reserves is also summarized The paper analyzes the frontiers and possible problems in the current site selection and planning and design of natural reserves, and discusses the possible future directions for the development of natural reserves in order to provide reference for the research and practice of the site selection and construction of nature reserves in China .