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1986年9月15日至20日在乌拉圭埃斯特角城举行的关税及贸易总协定(GATT)缔约国部长级会议,在各国欲扭转世界贸易不景气的殷切期盼下。决定展开第八轮多边贸易谈判,是为“乌拉圭回合”。这是GATT历史上谈判范围最广、议题最复杂,对世界经济结构影响最深广的一次谈判较量。原定于1990年达成协议,因各国、各利益集团之间许多难以全面妥协的僵局解开耗费了大量的时间,尤其是欧美农业补贴谈判几经反复,直至1992年11月19日方才达成协议,为最终结束乌拉圭回合谈判奠下最后一块基石。下文对这一过程作简单的介绍,并分析其原因及可能的影响。
The Ministerial Meeting of the Parties to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), held in Punta del Este, Uruguay, from September 15 to 20, 1986, looked forward to the hope of all countries to reverse the sluggish world trade. The decision to launch the eighth round of multilateral trade negotiations was for the “Uruguay Round.” This is the most extensive negotiation of the GATT in the history of the GATT, the most complicated issues, and the most extensive and extensive negotiation of the world economic structure. The agreement that was originally scheduled to be reached in 1990 was a time-consuming solution due to many deadlocks between countries and interest groups that were difficult to fully compromise. In particular, the negotiations on agricultural subsidies in Europe and the United States were repeated several times until the agreement was reached on November 19, 1992. This will lay the cornerstone for the final conclusion of the Uruguay Round negotiations. The following is a brief introduction of this process, and analyzes its causes and possible effects.