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目的建立兔颈椎不稳的动物模型,探索眩晕性颈椎病的发病机制。方法 60只成年健康日本大耳白兔,随机分为两组,每组30只。实验组结扎并切断颈椎C4/5节段颈后肌群,然后切断C4/5节段的棘上及棘间韧带,同时行前路手术损伤C4/5前纵韧带和椎间盘结构;对照组仅切开显露并缝合颈部前后侧皮肤,切口长度与实验组相同,不做其他手术。于术后第1、2、3个月拍摄颈椎过伸过屈位X线片,并测量C4相对活动度。结果实验组兔C4相对活动度在术后第1、2个月和对照组比较无统计学意义(P>0.05);实验组兔C4相对活动度在术后第3个月显著高于对照组,有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论采用切断并结扎颈椎C4/5节段颈后肌群,然后切除C4/5节段的棘上及棘间韧带,同时行前路手术损伤C4/5前纵韧带和椎间盘结构的方法可以成功制作颈椎不稳的动物模型,该模型近似于临床眩晕性颈椎病患者渐进发病过程,操作简单,成功率高。
Objective To establish an animal model of cervical spine instability and explore the pathogenesis of vertigo cervical spondylosis. Methods Sixty adult Japanese white rabbits were randomly divided into two groups (n = 30 in each group). The experimental group was ligated and the cervical posterior cervical C4 / 5 segments were harvested, and then the superior and posterior interosseous ligaments of the C4 / 5 segments were cut off. The anterior approach was used to injure the C4 / 5 anterior longitudinal ligament and disc structure. The control group Cut open and suture the anterior and posterior neck skin, incision length and the same experimental group, without other surgery. In the first, second and third months postoperatively, the cervical spondylolisthesis and flexion radiographs were taken and the C4 relative activity was measured. Results The relative mobility of C4 in experimental group was not significantly different from that in control group at the first and second months after operation (P> 0.05). The relative mobility of C4 in experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group at the third month , With statistical significance (P <0.05). Conclusion It is successful to cut off and ligate the posterior cervical C4 / 5 cervical posterior muscle group, and then excise the C4 / 5 segment of the supraspinous and interspinous ligaments while anterior approach is used to damage the C4 / 5 anterior longitudinal ligament and intervertebral disc Making animal model of cervical spine instability, the model is similar to the clinical onset of vertigo in patients with vertebral disease, simple operation, high success rate.