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一治理概况和问题黄河是世界闻名的多泥沙河流,西北黄土高原位于黄河中上游地区,水土流失面积达43万平方公里。由于历史上自然和社会各因素的影响,西北黄土高原的土地利用很不合理,水资源没有得到利用,干旱缺水,灾害频繁,水土流失极为严重,平均年泄入黄河沙16亿吨,下游河道淤积4亿吨,形成黄河中上游地区“越垦越穷,越穷越垦”和黄河下游大堤“越加越险,越险越加”的两个恶性循环。直接妨碍着黄土高原的生产发展,严重威协着下游华北平原的安全。因此,黄土高原的
A governance overview and problems The Yellow River is world-renowned multi-sediment rivers, the Northwest Loess Plateau is located in the middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River, soil erosion area of 430,000 square kilometers. Due to the natural and social factors in history, the land utilization in the Northwest Loess Plateau is not reasonable and the water resources are not utilized. Drought and water shortage have frequent disasters and soil erosion is extremely serious. The average annual discharge amount to 1.6 billion tons of the Yellow River sand, River siltation 400 million tons, the formation of the middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River “more reclamation poorer, poorer reclamation” and the Yellow River embankment “more dangerous, more risk more” two vicious circle. A direct impediment to the production and development of the Loess Plateau, a serious threat to the safety of the lower reaches of the North China Plain. Therefore, the Loess Plateau