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近年,俄罗斯发明了一种先进的装甲运输车,名叫“骡子”。这个命名非常耐人寻味,它涉及到古代中国利用杂种优势,在人工杂交领域取得的一项至今难以超越的重要科技成就。骡子是马驴杂交而形成的一个生物新品种。马和驴在动物分类学上是马属中的两个不同的种,其亲缘程度属于远缘关系,它们之间的杂交是远缘杂交。根据遗传学原理,远缘程度以上的杂交一般难以产生具有正常生命力的个体,所以杂交难以成功。马和驴虽然属于远缘关系,但是因为它们的遗传基质具备两种动物生殖细胞产生新合子的能力,精卵结合的合子能够正常分裂,并在母体内吸收营养发育成具有正常生命力的个体。在中国,马的驯化在六七千年前已经完成。距今6500年左右的半坡文化遗
In recent years, Russia has invented an advanced armored transport vehicle named “Scorpion”. This name is very interesting, it involves the use of heterosis in ancient China, in the field of artificial hybridization has made an important scientific and technological achievements beyond the reach. The scorpion is a new biological species formed by the crossbreeding of horse donkeys. Horses and donkeys are two different species of the genus Equine in animal taxonomy. Their degree of kinship is distant and the cross between them is distant hybridization. According to genetics, hybrids above the marginal level are generally difficult to produce individuals with normal vitality, so hybridization is difficult to succeed. Although horses and donkeys are distantly related, because their genetic substrates possess the ability of two animal germ cells to produce new zygotes, the sperm-egg conjugated zygotes can normally divide and absorb nutrients in the mother’s body to develop individuals with normal vitality. In China, the domestication of the horse was completed 6,000 years ago. About Banpo Cultural Heritage dating back to about 6500