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目的分析安溪县2010-2012年手足口病流行特征,为制定防控措施提供科学依据。方法从《疾病监测信息报告管理系统》中导出发病日期在2010年1月1日至2012年12月31日现住址为安溪的手足口病资料,用EX-CEL建立数据库,用SPSS18.0软件包进行统计分析。结果 2010-2012年安溪县共报告手足口病721例,年均发病率为21.63/10万,重症病例3例,无死亡病例。报告病例较多的类别是县级医疗机构(46.9%)和市级医疗机构(41.5%)。部分患儿就诊不够及时,从发病到诊断间隔时间为2.00d(中位数),间隔2d以上的占34.7%。男性发病率高于女性(χ2=114.74,P<0.01),1～3岁高发(76.4%),以散居儿童(89.0%)为主。疫情呈双峰分布,6月(8.0%)和9月(7.8%)为发病高峰。病毒株以EV71为主。结论提高基层医疗单位对手足口病的诊治能力,结合基本公共卫生服务项目对儿童看护人实施综合干预,托幼机构加强日常预防措施是本病的重要防控策略。
Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of HFMD in Anxi County from 2010 to 2012 and provide a scientific basis for the development of prevention and control measures. Methods From the “disease monitoring information reporting management system” derived from the date of January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2012 the current address of Anxi hand foot and mouth disease information, the establishment of a database using EX-CEL, SPSS18.0 software Package for statistical analysis. Results Anxi County from 2010 to 2012 reported a total of 721 cases of hand, foot and mouth disease, with an average annual incidence of 21.63 / 100,000, 3 severe cases, no deaths. The more reported cases were county-level medical institutions (46.9%) and municipal-level medical institutions (41.5%). Some children were not treated timely enough, from the onset to diagnosis interval of 2.00d (median), more than 2d interval accounted for 34.7%. The incidence of males was higher than that of females (χ2 = 114.74, P <0.01), high incidence of 1 ~ 3 years old (76.4%) and scattered children (89.0%). The epidemic was bimodal, June (8.0%) and September (7.8%) for the peak incidence. EV71-based strains. Conclusion It is of great importance to improve the diagnosis and treatment of hand-foot-mouth disease in primary health-care units and the comprehensive intervention of child-care workers in combination with basic public health services. It is an important prevention and control strategy for nurseries to strengthen daily preventive measures.