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目的了解本院院内感染非发酵菌的特点及耐药现状,为临床抗感染治疗提供依据。方法回顾性分析本院2011年1月-2014年12月间经常规细菌培养分离到4种非发酵菌在临床标本中及各病区的分布情况和耐药性。结果从临床标本中分离出7361株病原菌,其中非发酵菌2160株,占29.3%。在非发酵菌中,居前4位的依次为铜绿假单胞菌1090株(50.5%)、鲍曼不动杆菌560株(25.9%)、嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌330株(15.3%)和洋葱伯克霍尔德菌89株(4.1%),其它非发酵菌91株(4.2%)。4种主要非发酵菌普遍呈多重耐药趋势。由于不同非发酵菌耐药谱各不相同,如嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌对碳氢酶烯类天然耐药,洋葱伯克霍尔德菌对氨基糖苷类天然耐药,因此细菌鉴定及药敏试验十分重要。结论本院所分离出非发酵菌耐药情况比较严重,临床应高度重视非发酵菌引起医院内感染,根据细菌学药敏试验结果,合理使用抗生素,减少多重耐药菌的产生。
Objective To understand the characteristics of nosocomial non-fermented bacteria in hospital and the status of drug resistance, and provide the basis for clinical anti-infective therapy. Methods The distribution and drug resistance of four kinds of non-fermentative bacteria isolated from the routine bacterial culture in our hospital from January 2011 to December 2014 in our hospital and in various wards were retrospectively analyzed. Results A total of 7361 strains of pathogens were isolated from clinical samples, of which 2160 were non-fermentative bacteria accounting for 29.3%. Among the non-fermentative bacteria, 1090 strains (50.5%) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 560 strains (25.9%) of Acinetobacter baumannii, 330 strains (15.3%) of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, 89 (4.1%) Burkholderia cepacia and 91 (4.2%) other non-fermentative bacteria. The four main non-fermentative bacteria were generally multi-drug resistant. Due to different non-fermentative drug resistance spectrum are different, such as Stenotrophomonas maltophilia natural resistance to hydrocarbons, Burkholderia cepacia natural resistance to aminoglycosides, bacterial identification and medicine Sensitive test is very important. Conclusions The drug resistance of non-fermentative bacteria isolated from our hospital is quite serious. Non-fermenter should be highly regarded as the cause of nosocomial infection in clinic. According to the results of bacteriological susceptibility test, antibiotics should be used rationally to reduce the production of multi-drug resistant bacteria.