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目的了解蒙古族女生月经初潮年龄20a变化趋势及影响因素,为学生青春期健康教育提供参考。方法对2005年7～18岁蒙古族学生的体质调研资料与1985年调查资料进行对比分析。采用概率单位回归法及Logistic回归分析法,进行月经初潮平均年龄及性发育与影响因素的分析。结果20a间,蒙古族女生月经初潮平均年龄城、乡分别提前0.87岁与1.36岁,平均每10a分别提前0.44岁和0.68岁。蒙、汉族之间月经初潮年龄差别在乡村相差0.60岁(P<0.05)。城市女生月经初潮年龄与年龄、身高及维尔维克指数3个因素相关;乡村女生月经初潮年龄与年龄、身高、握力及维尔维克指数4个因素相关。结论蒙古族学生月经初潮年龄与形态和力量因素关系密切。蒙古族城乡女生月经初潮均呈提前趋势,提示青春期健康教育应适时提前。
Objective To understand the changing trend and influencing factors of Mongolian women’s age at menarche 20a and to provide reference for their adolescent health education. Methods The data of physical survey of Mongolian students aged 7-18 years from 2005 to 1985 were compared. Probability unit regression and logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the mean age of menarche and sexual development and influencing factors. Results The average age of menarche in Mongolian girls was 0.87 years and 1.36 years, respectively, in cities 20a and 20a respectively, averaging 0.44 and 0.68 years respectively. The difference of age of menarche between Mongolian and Han nationality in rural areas was 0.60 years (P <0.05). The age of menarche in urban girls was related to the age, height and Wilkens index. The age of rural girls was related to age, height, grip strength and Verwik index. Conclusion The age of menarche of Mongolian students is closely related to the morphology and strength factors. Mongolian urban and rural girls showed an earlier trend in menarche, suggesting that adolescent health education should be timely.